Comparison of Maitland Passive Joint Mobilization and Self-Rehabilitation on Function, Activity, and Quality of Life in Beninese Patients With Hip Osteoarthritis: A Pragmatic Randomized Trial.

Background: Orthopedic manual therapy is currently considered as an alternative approach for treating hip osteoarthritis. However, studies assessing its efficacy in low-income countries in Sub-Saharan Africa are scarce.

Objectives: Investigating the effectiveness of Maitland passive joint mobilization (Maitland PJM) compared to self-rehabilitation in patients with hip osteoarthritis in Benin, a low-income country, in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Multilayer films for photon upconversion-driven photoswitching.

Photoswitchable materials are of significant interest for diverse applications from energy and data storage to additive manufacturing and soft robotics. However, the absorption profile is often a limiting factor for practical applications. This can be overcome using indirect excitation complementary photophysical pathways, such as triplet sensitisation or photon upconversion.