Synthesis and Application of D- and C-Labelled tert-Butyl Hoechst Dye.

Herein, the successful syntheses of D- and C-N-methyl and D-tert-butyl Hoechst dyes are presented. This includes the preparation of the labelled D- and C-N-methyl piperazines and D-tert-butylated hydroxytoluene precursors. The tert-butyl Hoechst dye is known to bind a specific RNA aptamer.

PINK1, Keap1, and Rtnl1 regulate selective clearance of endoplasmic reticulum during development.

Selective clearance of organelles, including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, by autophagy plays an important role in cell health. Here, we describe a developmentally programmed selective ER clearance by autophagy. We show that Parkinson's disease-associated PINK1, as well as Atl, Rtnl1, and Trp1 receptors, regulate ER clearance by autophagy.

Atg6 promotes organismal health by suppression of cell stress and inflammation.

Autophagy targets cytoplasmic materials for degradation, and influences cell health. Alterations in Atg6/Beclin-1, a key regulator of autophagy, are associated with multiple diseases. While the role of Atg6 in autophagy regulation is heavily studied, the role of Atg6 in organism health and disease progression remains poorly understood.

ESCRT dysfunction compromises endoplasmic reticulum maturation and autophagosome biogenesis in Drosophila.

Autophagy targets cytoplasmic materials for degradation and influences cell health. Organelle contact and trafficking systems provide membranes for autophagosome formation, but how different membrane systems are selected for use during autophagy remains unclear. Here, we report a novel function of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) in the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) coat protein complex II (COPII) vesicle formation that influences autophagy.

High-performance, compact optical standard.

We describe a high-performance, compact optical frequency standard based on a microfabricated Rb vapor cell and a low-noise, external cavity diode laser operating on the Rb two-photon transition at 778 nm. The optical standard achieves an instability of 1.8×10 for times less than 100 s and a flicker noise floor of 1×10 out to 6000 s.