Percutaneous antegrade dilatation of distal ureteral strictures and obstructions.

Since the first ureteral dilatations in experimental dogs were performed, the technique in human has been accepted and improved over the years. Balloon dilatation has been successful, but it has been very difficult or impossible to force the guide wires through long total strictures, especially those localized distally. In order to recanalize very narrow strictures or total occlusions located in the distal ureter, a modified angiographic technique was developed and tested in 12 ureters in 10 patients.

The role of cytology in the diagnosis, detection and follow-up of bladder cancer.

Cytology is an essential and indispensable procedure in the evaluation of patients suspect of harboring a tumor of the lower urinary tract. The interpretation of the cytologic sample is difficult but, in experienced hands, the value of the procedure is significant to the urologist.

Flow cytometry in the assessment of human placental growth.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the applicability of flow cytometry to human placenta and to challenge the hypothesis that no cell division takes place in the last 4-6 weeks of pregnancy. Relative DNA content in individual placental cells was measured and high-resolution DNA histograms were obtained, based upon measurements of more than 10 000 cells. The fraction of cells with S-phase DNA content was lower in cases of intra-uterine growth retardation.

Relation between flow cytometric DNA distribution and pathology in human bladder cancer. A report on 69 cases.

High-resolution flow cytometric measurements of cellular DNA content have been performed in 69 patients with transitional cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder. By selective sampling of cells at cystoscopy, mapping of the whole bladder could easily be performed, including the tumor as well as different areas of the surrounding normal-appearing mucosa. The cell-cycle distribution showed an increasing fraction of cells with S- and G2-phase content parallel to the World Health Organization (WHO) grade of the tumors, ranging from 1.