Propofol injection pain is not alleviated by pretreatment with flurbiprofen axetil, a prodrug of a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug.

Purpose: The effects of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on pain from propofol injection are controversial, partially because NSAIDs themselves cause injection pain. We evaluated the effects of flurbiprofen axetil (LFP), a prodrug of an NSAID, on pain induced by intravenous propofol injection, because LFP produces little pain on injection.

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial was undertaken in patients who were assigned to one of three groups ( n = 50 in each).

Association between severity of type A hepatitis and nucleotide variations in the 5' non-translated region of hepatitis A virus RNA: strains from fulminant hepatitis have fewer nucleotide substitutions.

Background: Type A hepatitis is still a considerable problem in both underdeveloped and developed countries. Why some patients progress to fulminant type A hepatitis and others do not is unclear.

Aims: To determine if nucleotide differences in the genome of hepatitis A virus (HAV) are responsible for the range of clinical severities, we analysed the 5' non-translated region (5'NTR) of the HAV genome, which has an internal ribosomal entry site and is important for cap independent translation of the viral message.

PCR-SSCP analysis of 5'-nontranslated region of hepatitis A viral RNA: comparison with clinicopathological features of hepatitis A.

The recent development of the sensitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method allowed us to detect the presence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) RNA in sera from hepatitis A patients. To determine whether differences in HAV are related to the wide range of clinical severity, we used PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) to analyze the amplified product of the 5'-nontranslated region (5'NTR), where relatively homologous sequences are reported and the internal ribosomal entry site is considered to exist, from these various levels of hepatitis A. Twenty-seven patients admitted to Chiba University Hospital (between 1988 and 1997) were examined for HAV RNA in their sera by RT-PCR with primers located at 5'NTR of HAV RNA.

The effect on intracuff pressure of various nitrous oxide concentrations used for inflating an endotracheal tube cuff.

Unlabelled: We sought to determine the optimal concentration of nitrous oxide (N(2)O) for inflating endotracheal tube cuffs, to avoid overinflation and air leaks. Female patients undergoing endotracheal intubation (inner diameter 7.5 mm) during anesthesia with 67% N(2)O were randomly assigned to five groups of 25 subjects each, in which cuffs were inflated with 0% (Air), 30% (N30), 40% (N40), 50% (N50), or 67% (N67) N(2)O.

Unsuspected pheochromocytoma with abdominal aortic aneurysm--a case report.

This case report describes the peri-operative management of a 65-year-old man with an unsuspected pheochromocytoma. He underwent emergent surgery for a rupturing abdominal aortic aneurysm. During surgery his blood pressure changed dramatically and was resistant to drug treatment.