Intratumor heterogeneity of EGFR expression mediates targeted therapy resistance and formation of drug tolerant microenvironment.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors are commonly used to treat non-small cell lung cancers with EGFR mutations, but drug resistance often emerges. Intratumor heterogeneity is a known cause of targeted therapy resistance and is considered a major factor in treatment failure. This study identifies clones of EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung tumors expressing low levels of both wild-type and mutant EGFR protein.

Unplanned dialysis initiation in patients known to renal services: A case-control study.

Dialysis initiation during an emergency hospital admission is associated with increased complications, more temporary access, and higher mortality. Even in patients known to nephrologists, more than one-third start dialysis in an unplanned fashion. This retrospective case-control study sought to identify features of the pre-dialysis period that are associated with unplanned dialysis initiation in patients known to nephrology services.

Metasurface-Based Phosphor-Converted Micro-LED Architecture for Displays─Creating Guided Modes for Enhanced Directionality.

Phosphor-converted micro-light emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) are a crucial technology for display applications but face significant challenges in light extraction because of the high refractive index of the blue pump die chip. In this study, we design and experimentally demonstrate a nanophotonic approach that overcomes this issue, achieving up to a 3-fold increase in light extraction efficiency. Our approach involves engineering the local density of optical states (LDOS) to generate quasi-guided modes within the phosphor layer by strategically inserting a thin low-index spacer in combination with a metasurface for mode extraction.

Evaluation of the presence of the premaxillary-maxillary suture in growing patients: A retrospective CBCT study.

Background: The premaxillary-maxillary suture (PMS) is related to midface development, but its exact closure period remains undefined. Some authors consider the premaxilla as an independent bone with potential for orthopaedic stimulation, while others see it as a phylogenetic vestige.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of the premaxillary-maxillary suture (PMS) in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of patients aged 6 to 16years, according to age and sex, treated at the Dental Clinic of the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile's Oral Imaging Service between 2015 and 2023.