Chromatographic capture of cells to achieve single stage clarification in recombinant protein purification.

Recent advancements in cell culture engineering have allowed drug manufacturers to achieve higher productivity by driving higher product titers through cell line engineering and high-cell densities. However, these advancements have shifted the burden to clarification and downstream processing where the difficulties now revolve around removing higher levels of process- and product-related impurities. As a result, a lot of research efforts have turned to developing new approaches and technologies or process optimization to still deliver high quality biological products while controlling cost of goods.

Gagging and cooperation in 4-12-year-old children over a series of dental appointments.

Purpose: The purposes were to evaluate if gagging can affect children's cooperation with treatment, investigate possible changes in gagging and study factors that can predict children's behaviour over dental treatment.

Methods: 255 children aged 4-12 years, needing at least three consecutive dental appointments, completed the Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale before examination. The Gagging Problem Assessment was performed before the initial examination and after the third/final appointment.

Dental caries and psychosocial factors: Testing a conceptual model in adolescents.

Objectives: A conceptual model was designed to examine interrelations among psychosocial factors, oral health behaviour, and dental caries in a sample of adolescents.

Methods: This cross-sectional study design of 531 Greek families included an oral examination and a survey completed by adolescents, and a survey completed by mothers. The outcome measure was dental caries experience.

Factors associated with gagging during radiographic and intraoral photographic examinations in 4-12-year-old children.

Aims: No studies are available in paediatric samples evaluating gagging during toothbrushing, radiographic and/or intraoral photographic examinations. The aims were to collectively examine potential factors associated with gagging during radiographs and intraoral photographs in 4-12-year-old children.

Methods: Parents/guardians of 395 children (aged 4-12 years old) completed questionnaires asking about their children's toothbrushing habits.

Child dental fear and past dental experience: comparison of parents' and children's ratings.

Purpose: To compare the parental and child versions of the Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) and the parental and child evaluations of the Child's Past Dental Experience (CPDE) in 4- to 12-year-old children in a sample from Greece.

Methods: 537 families (652 children) with 4- to 12-year-old children seeking dental care either at a University paediatric dental clinic (UC) (50.8%) or a paediatric private practice (PP) participated.