Publications by authors named "T Chitnis"
Background: Cognitive impairment occurs frequently in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) at some point in the course of the disease. However, not all PwMS develop cognitive difficulties suggesting a role for important moderating factors. We examined baseline predictors of cross-sectional and longitudinal change in cognitive performance in PwMS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMultiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease affecting the brain and spinal cord. Genetic studies have identified many risk loci, that were thought to primarily impact immune cells and microglia. Here, we performed a multi-ancestry genome-wide association study with 20,831 MS and 729,220 control participants, identifying 236 susceptibility variants outside the Major Histocompatibility Complex, including four novel loci.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Limited licensed medications are available for multiple sclerosis (MS) in pediatric patients.
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of alemtuzumab in pediatric patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and disease activity on prior disease-modifying therapies (DMTs).
Methods: LemKids was a multicenter, multinational, single-arm, open-label, switch (from ongoing DMT to alemtuzumab treatment) study in pediatric RRMS patients (aged 10-<18 years), with disease activity on DMT.
Article Synopsis
- The study explores how exposure to maternal pro-inflammatory cytokines during pregnancy can lead to long-lasting effects on brain function and memory in offspring, with implications for both sexes.
- It highlights that men and women develop differently, suggesting that understanding these sex differences is crucial for identifying early risk factors and interventions for brain aging and memory impairment.
- Results showed that higher levels of maternal cytokines were linked to altered brain activity related to memory in midlife, and these effects persisted from childhood performance into early adulthood, emphasizing the importance of prenatal health on long-term cognitive outcomes.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how social determinants of health (SDOH) impact pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS), particularly in terms of adverse SDOH frequency and their effects on treatment and outcomes.
- Researchers conducted a retrospective analysis of data from the United States Network of Pediatric MS Centers, focusing on various demographic and clinical outcomes related to SDOH hardships.
- Findings indicated that 66% of participants faced social hardships, which influenced factors such as age at symptom onset, steroid treatment likelihood, study attrition risk, and overall health scores.