Objective: With one in five children in England living with obesity, we mapped the geographical distribution and format of child weight management services provided by acute National Health Service (NHS) trusts across England, to identify breadth of service provision.
Design: A cross-sectional survey.
Setting: The survey was sent to acute NHS trusts (n=148) in England in 2020, via a freedom of information request.
Objective: To establish short-term and medium-term complications 1-year postdiagnosis, of acute pancreatitis (AP) in children aged 0-14 years.
Design: One-year follow-up of a prospective monthly surveillance of new cases of AP in children under 15 years through the British Paediatric Surveillance Unit (BPSU) from April 2013 to April 2014.
Setting: A monthly surveillance of >3700 consultant paediatricians and paediatric surgeons in the UK and Ireland using the BPSU.
PAX8 is a key thyroid transcription factor implicated in thyroid gland differentiation and function, and gene methylation is reported to be sensitive to the periconceptional environment. Using a novel recall-by-epigenotype study in Gambian children, we found that hypomethylation at age 2 years is associated with a 21% increase in thyroid volume and an increase in free thyroxine (T4) at 5 to 8 years, the latter equivalent to 8.4% of the normal range.
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