Current understanding of human bioaccumulation patterns and health effects of exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS).

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a persistent organic pollutant of global concern due to its environmental presence,bioaccumulative potential and toxicological impacts. This review synthesizes current knowledge regarding PFOS exposure, bioaccumulation patterns and adverse health outcomes in human population. Analysis of worldwide biomonitoring data, and epidemiological studies reveals PFOS systemic effects, including immunological dysfunction (decreased vaccine response), developmental toxicity (reduced birth weight), hepatic metabolic disruption, potential carcinogenogenicity, and reproductive abnormalities.

Apprehending siRNA Machinery and Gene Silencing in Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer, Leucinodes orbonalis.

RNA interference (RNAi) technology is widely used in gene functional studies and has been shown to be a promising next generation alternative for insect pest management. To understand the efficiency of RNAi machinery in Leucinodes orbonalis (L. orbonalis) Guenee, a destructive pest of eggplant, core RNAi pathway genes Argonaute-2, Dicer-2, Loquacious, and Sid-1 were mined from the transcriptome and characterized.

Impact of selenium supplementation on antioxidant enzyme activity and liver gene expression in juvenile pangasius catfish (Pangasius pangasius).

This study examined the effect of dietary selenium (Se) fortification on growth efficiency, antioxidant status, and liver gene expression in juvenile pangasius catfish. Sodium selenite was incorporated into a basal diet at incremental levels of 0-2.0 mg Se/kg.

Heavy metal bioaccumulation based on seasonal monsoon impact in benthic macroinvertebrates of Korean streams.

This study investigates the influence of seasonal monsoon flooding on heavy metal contamination and bioaccumulation in benthic macroinvertebrate communities within a stream ecosystem. We analyzed sediment and benthic macroinvertebrate samples for eight heavy metals [zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg)]) before (BF) and after (AF) a major flooding event. We found significant spatial and temporal variations in heavy metal concentrations were observed, with higher levels after the flood.

Insights into trophic interactions: DNA metabarcoding reveals species composition in black-tailed gull fecal samples in coastal environments of South Korea.

This study explored the algae, zooplankton, macroinvertebrate, fish, and parasitic single-celled organism communities in Larus crassirostris (black-tailed gull) fecal samples from Baengnyeongdo, Hongdo, and Ulleungdo in South Korea. The fecal samples can identify key species consumed by black-tailed gull, providing insights into their, trophic interactions, and habitat dependencies. Using DNA metabarcoding, we identified algae, zooplankton, macroinvertebrate, fish, and intestinal and single-celled parasite species in the fecal samples.