Investigating Task Persistence in Preschool Children With Developmental Language Disorder.

Purpose: The present study was designed to investigate persistence in preschool children with developmental language disorder (DLD) compared to similar-age peers with typical language (TL) on tasks designed to be moderately challenging, yet equivalent in difficulty for both groups.

Method: Sixteen preschool-age children with DLD were matched to 16 children with TL based on chronological age, biological sex, and maternal education. The children completed two play-based tasks that were designed to elicit some success but impossible to complete.

The perceived guilt and innocence of adults with developmental language disorder and adults with typical language during a mock interrogation.

Purpose: This study examined if there were differences in the guilty and not guilty judgments of adults with developmental language disorder (DLD) and those with typical language (TL) functioning.

Method: Twenty-four adults (12 DLD, 12 TL) were assigned to either the guilty or not guilty conditions. Those in the guilty condition engaged in a mock crime while those in the not guilty condition were informed that a crime had been committed.

Clonal hematopoiesis and inflammation in the vasculature: CHIVE, a prospective, longitudinal clonal hematopoiesis cohort and biorepository.

Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) is an age-associated phenomenon leading to an increased risk of both hematologic malignancy and nonmalignant organ dysfunction. Increasingly available genetic testing has made the incidental discovery of CH clinically common yet evidence-based guidelines and effective management strategies to prevent adverse CH health outcomes are lacking. To address this gap, the prospective CHIVE (clonal hematopoiesis and inflammation in the vasculature) registry and biorepository was created to identify and monitor individuals at risk, support multidisciplinary CH clinics, and refine taxonomy and standards of practice for CH risk mitigation.

Cost-Effective and Scalable Clonal Hematopoiesis Assay Provides Insight into Clonal Dynamics.

Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is a common age-related phenomenon in which hematopoietic stem cells acquire mutations in a select set of genes commonly mutated in myeloid neoplasia which then expand clonally. Current sequencing assays to detect CHIP mutations are not optimized for the detection of these variants and can be cost-prohibitive when applied to large cohorts or to serial sequencing. In this study, an affordable (approximately US $8 per sample), accurate, and scalable sequencing assay for CHIP is introduced and validated.

Driver mutation zygosity is a critical factor in predicting clonal hematopoiesis transformation risk.

Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) can be caused by either single gene mutations (eg point mutations in JAK2 causing CHIP) or mosaic chromosomal alterations (e.g., loss of heterozygosity at chromosome 9p).