Publications by authors named "T C McDonnell"
Article Synopsis
- * The review analyzed 204 papers, selecting 18 that demonstrated a wide range in self-harm rates—between 1.5% and 23% among adolescents (ages 15-18), with higher incidents reported in females and often occurring at home.
- * Findings highlighted that while many youths sought help from friends or family before or after self-harm episodes, professional help was rarely pursued, underscoring the need for better psychoeducation for families and enhanced mental health services.
Context: 11-oxygenated androgens are a group of adrenal-derived steroids that require peripheral activation. In vitro data highlight a putative role for 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (HSD11B2) in 11-oxygenated androgen biosynthesis, converting 11β-hydroxyandrostenedione (11OHA4) to 11-ketoandrostenedione (11KA4), the direct precursor of the potent androgen 11-ketotestosterone (11KT). As the kidney is the major site of HSD11B2 expression, we hypothesized that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) would have reduced 11-oxygenated androgen biosynthesis due to impaired HSD11B2 activity.
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- Hypopituitarism is a disorder marked by low levels of one or more anterior pituitary hormones, with notable differences in health outcomes between sexes; women experience higher rates of cardiovascular issues and higher mortality.
- The dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis leads to hormonal deficiencies (like estrogen and testosterone), and treating these deficiencies with hormone replacement therapy is crucial for health benefits.
- Despite the positive effects of hormone replacement in reducing mortality risk, the reasons behind the sex disparities in health outcomes for hypopituitarism patients remain unclear, with possibilities including lack of aggressive treatment for women and premature loss of protective estrogen effects.
Article Synopsis
- The study evaluates risks associated with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) across different primary renal diseases using data from a UK cohort of nearly 3,000 adults.
- It found that over a median follow-up of about 49 months, many participants experienced kidney failure or death, with significant differences in risk based on the primary renal diagnosis (PRD), even after adjusting for factors like age and blood pressure.
- The research highlights that while eGFR is a reliable predictor of kidney outcomes, the effectiveness of albuminuria (uACR) as a predictive marker varies greatly depending on the type of kidney disease, suggesting that personalized treatment strategies are essential in CKD management.
Aims: Akathisia is a disturbing, reversible but under-diagnosed extrapyramidal side effect of medications used in palliative medicine. We assessed patients' subjective experience of akathisia and response to procyclidine, an anticholinergic used to treat extrapyramidal effects. We also aimed to discuss future areas of research and alternatives to akathisia-causing medications.
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