First-line biologics as a treatment for ulcerative colitis: a multicenter randomized control study.

Background: Despite the availability of several biologics for ulcerative colitis (UC), there remains a critical need to identify first-line treatment biologics. The superiority of infliximab (IFX) over vedolizumab (VED) and ustekinumab (UST) was evaluated as initial UC treatments in patients with biologic-naïve UC.

Methods: This multicenter, randomized control trial was conducted across 20 Japanese medical institutions.

Volume-regulated anion channels conduct ATP in undifferentiated mammary cells and promote tumorigenesis in xenograft nude mouse.

The high interstitial ATP concentration in the cancer microenvironment is a major source of adenosine, which acts as a strong immune suppressor. However, the source of ATP release has not been elucidated. We measured ATP release during hypotonic stress using a real-time ATP luminescence imaging system in breast cell lines and in primary cultured mammary cells.

Decreased Homeostasis Model Assessment of β-Cell Function in Patients Without Diabetes Can Predict Future Events in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease.

Background: Reduced insulin secretion is linked to diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD), but its role in non-diabetic CVD patients is unclear. The homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β) measures pancreatic β-cell function. This study investigated the association between HOMA-β and adverse cardiovascular events in non-diabetic CVD patients.

Flometoquin, a novel insecticide, acts on mitochondrial complex III as a Q inhibitor.

Flometoquin (FLO) is a novel quinoline-type insecticide that elicits a quick knock-down effect against target pests; however, its mode of action (MoA) remains unknown. In this study, we investigated its MoA systematically, using varying biochemical techniques. Since FLO-treated insects exhibited symptoms similar to those induced by respiratory inhibitors, we examined the effect of FLO on respiratory enzyme complexes using mitochondria isolated from different insects (housefly, diamondback moth, and western flower thrips).

Analysis of thyroid autoantibodies and the risk of insulin depletion after the clinical onset of acute-onset type 1 diabetes in Japanese patients: the TIDE-J study.

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes is often accompanied by autoimmune thyroid disease. We aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of Japanese patients with acute-onset type 1 diabetes and thyroid autoantibodies, focusing on decreased endogenous insulin secretion.

Materials And Methods: We examined 80 patients with acute-onset type 1 diabetes, classifying them into two groups with and without thyroid autoantibodies and compared the clinical characteristics of the two groups.