Healthy lifestyles are associated with better vitamin D status in community-dwelling older men: The Health In Men Study (HIMS).

Objective: Older people are more prone to vitamin D deficiency than younger populations. Individual lifestyle factors have been associated with vitamin D status. We examined the influence of a combination of lifestyle factors on vitamin D status in older men.

Undercarboxylated osteocalcin and ibandronate combination ameliorates hindlimb immobilization-induced muscle wasting.

Immobilization leads to muscle wasting and insulin resistance, particularly during ageing. It has been suggested that undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) improves muscle mass and glucose metabolism. Bisphosphonates, an anti-osteoporosis treatment, might protect muscle wasting independent of ucOC.

Rescue of High Glucose Impairment of Cultured Human Osteoblasts Using Cinacalcet and Parathyroid Hormone.

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) experience a higher risk of fractures despite paradoxically exhibiting normal to high bone mineral density (BMD). This has drawn into question the applicability to T2DM of conventional fracture reduction treatments that aim to retain BMD. In a primary human osteoblast culture system, high glucose levels (25 mM) impaired cell proliferation and matrix mineralization compared to physiological glucose levels (5 mM).

Vitamin D and Skeletal Muscle: Current Concepts From Preclinical Studies.

Muscle weakness has been recognized as a hallmark feature of vitamin D deficiency for many years. Until recently, the direct biomolecular effects of vitamin D on skeletal muscle have been unclear. Although in the past, some reservations have been raised regarding the expression of the vitamin D receptor in muscle tissue, this special issue review article outlines the clear evidence from preclinical studies for not only the expression of the receptor in muscle but also the roles of vitamin D activity in muscle development, mass, and strength.

Osteoglycin Across the Adult Lifespan.

Context: Osteoglycin (OGN) is a proteoglycan released from bone and muscle which has been associated with markers of metabolic health. However, it is not clear whether the levels of circulating OGN change throughout the adult lifespan or if they are associated with clinical metabolic markers or fitness.

Objective: We aimed to identify the levels of circulating OGN across the lifespan and to further explore the relationship between OGN and aerobic capacity as well as OGN's association with glucose and HOMA-IR.