Gut microbiota strain richness is species specific and affects engraftment.

Despite the fundamental role of bacterial strain variation in gut microbiota function, the number of unique strains of a species that can stably colonize the human intestine is still unknown for almost all species. Here we determine the strain richness (SR) of common gut species using thousands of sequenced bacterial isolates with paired metagenomes. We show that SR varies across species, is transferable by faecal microbiota transplantation, and is uniquely low in the gut compared with soil and lake environments.

Gut Microbiota Features in Relation to Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Outcome in Ulcerative Colitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background & Aims: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can induce remission in patients with ulcerative colitis, yet its efficacy needs improvement. We conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the current literature on microbial factors affecting outcome, as well as a meta-analysis on some of the largest datasets regarding composition.

Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane were systematically searched through August 2024 for relevant studies.

The phageome of patients with ulcerative colitis treated with donor fecal microbiota reveals markers associated with disease remission.

Bacteriophages are influential within the human gut microbiota, yet they remain understudied relative to bacteria. This is a limitation of studies on fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) where bacteriophages likely influence outcome. Here, using metagenomics, we profile phage populations - the phageome - in individuals recruited into two double-blind randomized trials of FMT in ulcerative colitis.

Safety and Tolerability of CP101, a Full-Spectrum, Oral Microbiome Therapeutic for the Prevention of Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection: A Phase 2 Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background & Aims: Recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections (CDIs) remain common. While novel microbiome therapeutics gain approval, the efficacy of a full-spectrum, oral microbiome therapeutic is unknown. This study aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of CP101, an orally administered microbiome therapeutic, to restore a diverse microbiome and prevent recurrent CDI in a broad population.