Comparison of standard mismatch repair deficiency and microsatellite instability tests in a large cancer series.

Background: The tumor-agnostic indication of immune checkpoint inhibitors to treat cancers with mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR)/microsatellite instability (MSI) increased the demand for such tests beyond Lynch syndrome. International guideline recommendations accept immunohistochemistry (IHC) for dMMR or molecular techniques (PCR or NGS) for MSI status determinations considering the two tests are equal, although there are scattered reports contradicting to this presumption.

Materials And Methods: Here we have directly compared four protein MMR immunohistochemistry (IHC) to MSI Pentaplex PCR test in a large cancer patient cohort (n = 1306) of our diagnostic center where the two tests have been run parallel in 703 cases.

[Potential role of type I interferon in the genetic progression of melanoma].

We have followed the genomic progression of cutaneous melanoma in visceral metastases using genome-wide copy number analysis. We have detected an increased chromosomal instability due to the loss of several DNA repair genes. Furthermore, we found co-amplifications of HGF and MET genes in metastases.

[Molecular epidemiology of microsatellite instability/mismatch repair deficiency in our institute - methodical aspects].

Molecular epidemiology of mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR)/microsatellite instability (MSI) are different in various ethnic groups; accordingly, our aim was to test this in a large single-center Hungarian cancer patient cohort. We have found that dMMR/MSI incidence correlates well with TCGA data in case of colorectal, gastric and endometrial cancers. We have also observed that immunohistochemistry- based dMMR incidences are higher as compared to MSI.

Liver alterations and detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and proteins in COVID-19 autopsies.

The most severe alterations in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are seen in the lung. However, other organs also are affected. Here, we report histopathologic findings in the liver and detection of viral proteins and RNA in COVID-19 autopsies performed at the Semmelweis University (Budapest, Hungary).