Publications by authors named "T B Halvorsen"
Article Synopsis
- Contact-dependent growth inhibition (CDI) is a competitive strategy used by bacteria, particularly mediated by proteins called CdiA, which inject toxic regions into neighboring cells to inhibit their growth.
- CdiA is made up of two distinct domains: the C-terminal ionophore domain, which forms a structure capable of crossing cell membranes, and an N-terminal entry domain that can vary in structure and function, allowing the toxin to insert into other bacteria.
- Researchers have identified various receptor proteins for these toxins, with significant diversity in immunity proteins (CdiI) that provide protection against specific toxins, highlighting a complex and highly specific interaction network among bacterial species.
Article Synopsis
- Advances in perinatal medicine from 1980 to 2000 improved survival rates for extremely preterm (EP) neonates, but the long-term effects on adult lung function remain uncertain.
- A study assessed lung function in three cohorts of 18-year-olds born extremely preterm, comparing their results to term-born peers and analyzing changes across different time periods.
- Overall, EP-born individuals demonstrated decreased lung function compared to term-born individuals, but there were improvements in certain lung function measures for those with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) over the decades.
Background: Transnasal fiberoptic laryngoscopy (TFL) has revealed that laryngeal obstruction can hamper assisted ventilation. TFL may be considered invasive, and laryngeal ultrasound (US) could be a noninvasive alternative. The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using laryngeal US to study laryngeal movements in healthy adult volunteers undergoing noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and to compare the observations with those of simultaneous TFL.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) is recommended for staging and defining target volume in limited-stage SCLC, though the impact on outcomes compared with CT staging and elective nodal irradiation (ENI) is not well documented. We analyzed patients receiving 45 Gy/30 fractions in two randomized trials of thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) in limited-stage SCLC (HAST and THORA trials) to evaluate whether PET-CT for staging and radiotherapy planning reduces radiotoxicity and improves survival.
Methods: Patients in HAST were staged with CT of the thorax and upper abdomen and brain magnetic resonance imaging of the brain.
Background: Mechanical insufflation-exsufflation (MI-E) uses positive and negative pressures to assist weak cough and to help clear airway secretions. Laryngeal visualization during MI-E has revealed that inappropriate upper airway responses can impede its efficacy. However, the dynamics of pressure transmission in the upper airways during MI-E are unclear, as are the relationships among anatomic structure, pressure, and airflow.
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