Transposon Removal Reveals Their Adaptive Fitness Contribution.

Transposable elements are molecular parasites that persist in their host genome by generating new copies to outpace natural selection. Transposable elements exert a large influence on host genome evolution, in some cases providing adaptive changes. Here we measure the fitness effect of the transposable element insertions in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe type strain by removing all insertions of its only native transposable element family, the long terminal repeat retrotransposon Tf2.

Acid-suppressive medication and incidence of chronic childhood immune-mediated diseases: A scoping review.

Background: Use of acid-suppressive medications (ASMs), for example, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs), has been rising along with the incidence of pediatric immune-mediated diseases (IMDs). We conducted a scoping review to characterize the literature about prenatal or pediatric exposure to ASMs in relation to incident pediatric IMDs.

Methods: Electronic searches were conducted to identify studies from 2001 to 2023 on (a) prenatal or pediatric exposure to PPIs and/or H2RAs and (b) the risk of developing chronic IMDs during childhood.

Do Narrow Networks Affect the Delivery of Outpatient Care in Neurosurgery?: A Statewide Analysis of Marketplace Plans in New Jersey.

Background: The aftermath of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) witnessed the rise of narrow networks, which feature fewer providers in exchange for lower premiums. Debate still continues on whether narrow networks provide adequate access to health care, especially in specialty care services such as neurosurgery. The objective of this article was to analyze the 2019 Marketplace plans' impact on delivering outpatient neurosurgical care in New Jersey.

Tribute to Milton D. Heifetz (1921-2015): The Man Behind the Heifetz Aneurysm Clip.

Milton Dave Heifetz (1921-2013) was a pioneer American neurosurgeon who spent the majority of his career at Cedars-Sinai Hospital in California. Heifetz greatly influenced the field of neurosurgery as an innovator, leader, and academic neurosurgeon. His redesign of the aneurysm clip addressed the long-standing issue of a fatiguing spring.