Working memory, short-term memory and reading proficiency in school-age children with cochlear implants.

Objective: The objective of the study was to examine short-term memory and working memory through both visual and auditory tasks in school-age children with cochlear implants. The relationship between the performance on these cognitive skills and reading as well as language outcomes were examined in these children.

Methods: Ten children between the ages of 7 and 11 years with early-onset bilateral severe-profound hearing loss participated in the study.

Patterns of spelling in young deaf and hard of hearing students.

The study examined the invented spelling abilities demonstrated by kindergarten and first-grade deaf and hard of hearing students. The study included two parts: In Part 1, the researcher compared three groups (deaf, hard of hearing, and hearing) using posttesting only on the Early Reading Screening Inventory, or ERSI (Morris, 1998), and in part 2 collected and analyzed samples of the spelling of deaf students in a Total Communication program. Analysis showed that the deaf group performed significantly differently in three areas: concept of word, word recognition, and phoneme awareness ("invented spelling"; Read, 1971).

SIMPLTN, a Program for the Simulation of Pulse NMR Spectra.

SIMPLTN, a computer program for the simulation of pulse and two-dimensional NMR, is described and illustrated. The program is menu-driven and is designed to run as much like a spectrometer as possible. This approach allows a complete density-matrix calculation to be performed, yet still makes the program easy to use.

An automated iterative algorithm for the quantitative analysis of in vivo spectra based on the simplex optimization method.

The success in utilizing in vivo NMR to identify and/or monitor metabolic abnormalities will be determined in large part on the reliability with which the spectral parameters of the metabolites present can be measured. For these reasons it is clear that there is a need for the development of algorithms with which to obtain quantitatively reliable estimates of the spectral parameters of the peaks present. In this report we describe an adaptation of the simplex algorithm which we have found useful in fitting in vivo spectral data in the frequency domain.