New Directions For Women's Health: Expanding Understanding, Improving Research, Addressing Workforce Limitations.

In the United States, the field of women's health faces critical challenges. This article, part of the National Academy of Medicine's Vital Directions for Health and Health Care: Priorities for 2025 initiative, emphasizes the need for a holistic, lifespan approach to women's health that considers biological sex, gender, and intersecting social factors. We identify three key challenges: broadening the understanding of women's health beyond reproductive issues, improving the research ecosystem, and addressing workforce limitations.

Making sense of the economics of abortion in the United States.

In 2023 the editors of Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health issued a special call for papers related to the economics of abortion. Ten of those submissions are included in this volume and address critical issues including: (1) the role Medicaid continues to play in abortion access and how changes in state Medicaid coverage of abortion have expanded and restricted abortion care use; (2) how low-income individuals without insurance coverage for abortion utilize resources from abortion funds and through crowdsourcing platforms; (3) how the price of medication abortion has decreased with the availability of telemedicine medication abortion and how providers of that service are making efforts to reduce those prices even further; and (4) how legally restricting abortion access has significant economic implications for state economies and the US society as a whole. In this introduction, I review the general scope of prior research on the economics of abortion in the US as it relates to stigma-induced silences, abortion seekers, abortion providers, and abortion assistance organizations.

Regulating Abortion Later in Pregnancy: Fetal-Centric Laws and the Erasure of Women's Subjectivity.

Context: In the United States, fetal development markers, including "viability" and the point when a fetus can "feel pain," have permeated the social imaginary of abortion, affecting public support for abortion and the legality and availability of care, but the extent to which these markers describe and orient the experience of abortion at later gestations is unclear.

Methods: Using interviews with 30 cisgender women in the United States who obtained an abortion after 24 weeks of pregnancy, the authors investigated whether and how notions of fetal viability and/or pain operated in the women's lived experiences of pregnancy and abortion.

Findings: According to respondents' accounts, fetal development-based laws restricting abortion based on purported points of fetal development operated as gestational limits, privileged the viability and pain status of the fetus over that of the prospective neonate, and failed to account for the viability and pain of the pregnant person.

Lettuce Genotype-Dependent Effects of Temperature on Escherichia coli O157:H7 Persistence and Plant Head Growth.

Lettuce has been commonly associated with the contamination of human pathogens, such as Escherichia coli O157:H7 (hereafter O157:H7), which has resulted in serious foodborne illnesses. Contamination events may happen throughout the farm-to-fork chain, when O157:H7 colonizes edible tissues and closely interacts with the plant. Environmental conditions have a significant impact on many plant-microbe interactions; however, it is currently unknown whether temperature affects O157:H7 colonization of the lettuce phyllosphere.

Strong-Field Bloch Electron Interferometry for Band-Structure Retrieval.

When Bloch electrons in a solid are exposed to a strong optical field, they are coherently driven in their respective bands where they acquire a quantum phase as the imprint of the band shape. If an electron approaches an avoided crossing formed by two bands, it may be split by undergoing a Landau-Zener transition. We here employ subsequent Landau-Zener transitions to realize strong-field Bloch electron interferometry, allowing us to reveal band structure information.