DNA excision repair and double-strand break repair gene polymorphisms and the level of chromosome aberration in children with long-term exposure to radon.

Purpose: To study polymorphic variants of repair genes in people affected by long-term exposure to radon. The chromosome aberration frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes was used as the biological marker of genotoxicity.

Materials And Methods: Genotyping of 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms in DNA repair genes (APE, XRCC1, OGG1, ADPRT, XpC, XpD, XpG, Lig4 and NBS1) was performed in children with long-term resident exposure to radon.

[Role of repair gene polymorphism in estimating the sensitivity of human genome to radon in concentrations exceeding maximum permissible level].

The paper gives the results of investigating chromosome aberrations in human peripheral blood lymphocytes due to DNA repair genes, such as hOGG1, ADPRT, APE1, XRCC1, XpG, XpC, XpD, and NBS1, upon long-term exposure to excess indoor radon concentrations. The frequency of chromosome aberrations was found to be significantly lower in the carriers of the genotype hOGG1 326 Ser/Ser (versus the variant Ser/Cys), APE1 148 Asp/Asp (versus Val/Ala and Ala/Ala). The study polymorphic systems were shown to be of value in giving rise to individual types of chromosome aberrations (single fragments and chromosome exchanges).

[Toxic and genetic risk assessments in children of Gornaya Shoria].

This comprehensive study assessed a number of environmental factors that were potentially able to induce genotoxic effects in man. A set of radiological, physicochemical, and bioindication techniques was used to estimate the quality of water, air, and soil in the places of residence and education of children and adolescents from the boarding school of the town of Tashtagol and schoolchildren from the village of Krasnoye, Kemerovo Region. Excess radon levels in the air of living spaces and classes, a small excess of the maximum allowable concentration of gross forms of heavy metals in individual soil samples, and high toxic effects in the Drosophila gametes exposed to air samples were revealed in the Tashtagol children having higher genotoxic effects in the lymphocyte than those in the Krasnoye village ones.

[Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in buccal cells of children living in ecologically different Kuzbass areas].

The article presents the results of the study of micronuclei and other types of cytogenetic aberrations in mucous tunic epithelium cells from children living in two different parts of the Kemerovo region (Tashtagol city, above-standard radon concentration exposition, n = 80), and Krasnoye settlement Leninsk-Kuznetsk area (comparison group, n = 41). The samples studied did not differ in the frequency of micronuclei containing cells. Tashtagol children sample showed significant increase in the number of binuclear cells, buccal epithelial cells with nuclear protrusions and with nuclear vacuoles, pyknotic cells, and apoptosis bodies.

[Studying traits of dermatoglyphic signs distribution in vibration disease].

The article contains results of study that covers 343 males exposed to occupational vibration in Kemerovo region. The authors studied features of dermatoglyphic signs distribution in vibration disease patients and in reference group, calculated parameters of relative risk for the disease, etiologic fraction and preventive fraction. Dermatoglyphic signs were proved to be informative markers for vibration disease risks.