Epidemiology of new cases of HIV-1 infection in children referred to the metropolitan pediatric hospital in Washington, DC.

Between 2000 and 2005, 84 HIV-infected children were referred to Children's National Medical Center; 28 were born to immigrant mothers, 89% of whom were of African descent. Rates of antiretroviral prophylaxis were low regardless of maternal origin. Nonimmigrant mothers (30.

Hospitalization trends among children and youths with perinatal human immunodeficiency virus infection, 1990-2002.

Background: Major improvements in disease progression among HIV-infected children have followed the adoption of combination antiretroviral therapy.

Methods: We examined trends in hospitalization rates between 1990-2002 among 3,927 children/youths with perinatal HIV infection, ranging in age from newborn to 21 years. We used Poisson regression to test for trends in hospitalization rates by age and year; binomial regression to test for trends in intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and hospitalization at least once and more than once, by age and year; and multivariate logistic regression to examine factors associated with hospitalization, ICU admission, and hospitalization longer than 10 days.

Trends in antiretroviral therapy use and survival rates for a large cohort of HIV-infected children and adolescents in the United States, 1989-2001.

Background: In the United States, HIV-infected children and adolescents are aging and using antiretroviral (ARV) therapy for extended periods of time.

Objective: To assess trends in ARV use and long-term survival in an observational cohort of HIV-infected children and adolescents in the United States.

Methods: The Pediatric Spectrum of HIV Disease Study (PSD) is a prospective chart review of more than 2000 HIV-infected children and adolescents.

A 20-year history of childhood HIV-associated nephropathy.

In 1984, physicians in New York and Miami reported HIV-infected adult patients with heavy proteinuria and rapid progression to end-stage renal disease. These patients showed large edematous kidneys with a combination of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and tubulointerstitial lesions. This renal syndrome, named HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN), was found predominantly in African Americans.