Metabologenomic Approach Reveals Intestinal Environmental Features Associated with Barley-Induced Glucose Tolerance Improvements in Japanese: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

(1) Background: Consumption of barley has been known to exert beneficial effects on glucose tolerance; however, it has also been reported that there are inter-individual differences in these responses. Recent evidence has suggested that these individual differences are mediated by the gut microbiota. (2) Methods: In the present study, we aimed to understand the relationship between the intestinal environment, including intestinal microbiome and their metabolome, and glucose tolerance.

The Nutritional Efficacy of Supplementation Depends on the Individual Gut Environment: A Randomised Control Study.

Recent studies have accumulated evidence that the intestinal environment is strongly correlated with host diet, which influences host health. A number of dietary products whose mechanisms of influence operate via the gut microbiota have been revealed, but they are still limited. Here, we investigated the dietary influence of , a green alga commercially available as a dietary supplement.

Genome analysis and genetic transformation of a water surface-floating microalga Chlorococcum sp. FFG039.

Microalgal harvesting and dewatering are the main bottlenecks that need to be overcome to tap the potential of microalgae for production of valuable compounds. Water surface-floating microalgae form robust biofilms, float on the water surface along with gas bubbles entrapped under the biofilms, and have great potential to overcome these bottlenecks. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved in the water surface-floating phenotype.

Homoeolog expression bias in allopolyploid oleaginous marine diatom Fistulifera solaris.

Background: Allopolyploidy is a genomic structure wherein two or more sets of chromosomes derived from divergent parental species coexist within an organism. It is a prevalent genomic configuration in plants, as an important source of genetic variation, and also frequently confers environmental adaptability and increased crop productivity. We previously reported the oleaginous marine diatom Fistulifera solaris JPCC DA0580 to be a promising host for biofuel production and that its genome is allopolyploid, which had never previously been reported in eukaryotic microalgae.

Comprehensive analysis of triacylglycerol lipases in the oleaginous diatom Fistulifera solaris JPCC DA0580 with transcriptomics under lipid degradation.

Microalgal biofuels are desirable alternatives for traditional liquid fuels, but further improvements of productivity are necessary for microalgal biofuels to be economically feasible. As strategies for improving lipid productivity, repression of lipid degradation has a great potential because the lipid accumulation level is determined by a balance between lipid synthesis and degradation. However, studies of lipid degradation and its primary functioning enzyme triacylglycerol (TAG) lipases in microalgae are currently limited.