Hyperlipidemia-induced hematopoiesis is repressed by MLKL in endothelial cells of the splenic niche.

Dysregulation of the hematopoietic niche during hyperlipidemia facilitates pathologic leukocyte production, driving atherogenesis. Although definitive hematopoiesis occurs primarily in the bone marrow, during atherosclerosis this also occurs in the spleen. Cells of the bone marrow niche, particularly endothelial cells, have been studied in atherosclerosis, although little is known about how splenic endothelial cells respond to the atherogenic environment.

Patient-derived organoid biobank identifies epigenetic dysregulation of intestinal epithelial MHC-I as a novel mechanism in severe Crohn's Disease.

Objective: Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation (DNAm), have been proposed to play a key role in Crohn's disease (CD) pathogenesis. However, the specific cell types and pathways affected as well as their potential impact on disease phenotype and outcome remain unknown. We set out to investigate the role of intestinal epithelial DNAm in CD pathogenesis.

Dynamic relationships among pathways producing hydrocarbons and fatty acids of maize silk cuticular waxes.

The hydrophobic cuticle is the first line of defense between aerial portions of plants and the external environment. On maize (Zea mays L.) silks, the cuticular cutin matrix is infused with cuticular waxes, consisting of a homologous series of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs), aldehydes, and hydrocarbons.

Allosteric communication in the gating mechanism for controlled protein degradation by the bacterial ClpP peptidase.

Proteolysis is essential for the control of metabolic pathways and the cell cycle. Bacterial caseinolytic proteases (Clp) use peptidase components, such as ClpP, to degrade defective substrate proteins and to regulate cellular levels of stress-response proteins. To ensure selective degradation, access to the proteolytic chamber of the double-ring ClpP tetradecamer is controlled by a critical gating mechanism of the two axial pores.