Promoting Activity, Independence, and Stability in Early Dementia and mild cognitive impairment (PrAISED): randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of an exercise and functional activity therapy intervention in adults with early dementia or mild cognitive impairment compared with usual care.

Design: Randomised controlled trial.

Setting: Participants' homes and communities at five sites in the United Kingdom.

Promoting activity, independence and stability in early dementia and mild cognitive impairment (PrAISED): development of an intervention for people with mild cognitive impairment and dementia.

Unlabelled: This series of articles for rehabilitation in practice aims to cover a knowledge element of the rehabilitation medicine curriculum. Nevertheless, they are intended to be of interest to a multidisciplinary audience. The competency addressed in this article is an understanding of how to develop an intervention for people with mild cognitive impairment and dementia to promote their independence, stability, and physical activity.

The economic burden of end-of-life care in metastatic breast cancer.

Objective: To assess end-of-life (EOL) total healthcare costs and resource utilization during the last 6 months of claims follow-up among patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) who received systemic anti-neoplastic therapy.

Methods: Newly diagnosed females with MBC initiating treatment January 1, 2003-June 30, 2011 were identified in a large commercial claims database. Two cohorts were defined based on a proxy measure for EOL 1 month prior to the end of last recorded follow-up within the study period: patients who were assumed dead at end of claims follow-up (EOL cohort) and patients who were alive (no-end-of-life [NEOL] cohort).

Single- versus multiple-tablet HIV regimens: adherence and hospitalization risks.

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of antiretroviral therapy as a single-tablet regimen (STR) and multiple-tablet regimen (MTR) on outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS patients using electronic health records from the Veterans Healthcare Administration (VHA).

Study Design: Retrospective cohort.

Methods: This study evaluated VHA patients to whom HIV medications were dispensed as STRs or MTRs during the study period (January 1, 2006, to July 30, 2012).

Cost effectiveness of human papillomavirus-16/18 genotyping in cervical cancer screening.

Background: There is limited understanding of the health economic implications of cervical screening with human papillomavirus (HPV)-16/18 genotyping.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost effectiveness of cervical cancer primary screening with a HPV-16/18 genotyping test which simultaneously detects 12 other high-risk HPV types.

Methods: A Markov cohort model compared four strategies: (1) cytology with reflex HPV testing for atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US); (2) co-testing with cytology and HPV testing; (3) HPV with reflex to cytology; and (4) HPV with 16/18 genotyping and reflex cytology (ASC-US threshold).