The effective implementation of the European Green Deal is based on closing cycles by means of reusing products and extending their durability, especially for steel products in the construction industry. The Life Cycle Assessment gives an opportunity to determine the potential impact caused on the environment by building structures and it is used mainly at the early design stage. At the same time, there are significant gaps when it comes to predicting properties of steel products at the last stage of the life cycle of existing buildings in the End of Life Stage (C1-C4) phases and especially D-Benefits and Loads Beyond the System Boundary.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe increase in exploitation durability of two-layer cast rolls with the working layer made of high chromium cast iron allows one to significantly improve the quality of rolled metal as well as to increase the economic efficiency of the manufacturing process. However, it is severely hindered due to the massiveness of castings, the impossibility of both evaluating mechanical properties along the depth of the working layer, and providing the structural uniformity of the working surface and the decrease in stresses. In our research, aiming to enhance the exploitation durability of sheet rolls, it is recommended to achieve structural uniformity by CuMg alloying, which increases the concentration of copper up to 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhen harvesting grain crops and forage grasses using a two-phase method, trailed and/or mounted windrowers are usually used. After their passage, stubble remains on the field, which intensively loses soil moisture under sunlight and wind. To reduce these losses, the stubble, along with the soil, is crushed using disc harrows.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMechatronic systems of electropneumatic automation are one of the main classes of industrial automation systems. A laboratory stand for the study of the mechatronic system of automatic control of the pneumatic manipulator and a computer model for preliminary experiments on the adjustment of the automatic control system were developed. Manual and software control modes are provided for research of indicators of safety and quality of management in both modes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn European industry, such as metallurgical, mining and processing, construction, food, and chemical, vibration exciters are used, which indicates their wide and, in some cases, unique technological capabilities. The most common are electromagnetic and unbalanced vibration exciters. The advantages of electromagnetic vibration exciters include the ability to control the amplitude of the vibration by changing the electrical power supplied; the disadvantages are high material consumption.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim of this study was to assess the possibilities to use brewer's spent grains (BSGs) left over from beer production for energy purposes, and to determine its calorific value and chemical composition. The research materials were samples of wet spent grain from a brewery in Poland. Three samples, that are different in ingredient composition, were examined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe paper presents the material-characterization properties of apple pomace-the post-production waste of juice pressing. Tests were carried out on the basic physical properties of apple pomace: color, specific-density, and energy properties. Extensive material-composition analyses based on DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) and TGA (thermogravimetry) methods were also performed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe study relates to the use of automated plant protection systems in agriculture. The article presents a proprietary automated mobile platform with an aerosol generator of hot mist. Furthermore, the cause of the loss of a chemical preparation in the spraying of plant protection products on the tree crown was determined in the course of field research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCreating and maintaining the microclimate in livestock buildings is associated with numerous engineering and technical challenges. Together with adequate feeding, the microclimate determines the health, reproductive ability, and production potential of the animals (obtaining a maximum amount of high-quality products). One of the deciding steps in improving the parameters of microclimate, i.
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