A scoping review and thematic analysis of the effects of tropical cyclones on diarrheal diseases.

Background: Tropical cyclones pose significant health risks and can trigger outbreaks of diarrheal diseases in affected populations. Although the effects of individual hazards, such as rainfall and flooding, on diarrheal diseases are well-documented, the complex multihazard nature of tropical cyclones is less thoroughly explored. To date, no dedicated review comprehensively examines the current evidence and research on the association between tropical cyclones and diarrheal diseases.

Enhancing the Central Venous Catheterization Competency of Medical Students through a Specialized Team and an Interactive Response System: A pre-post study.

Background: Central venous catheterization (CVC) is a critical clinical procedure. To avoid complications, possessing good knowledge regarding the CVC care bundle and skills for the proper insertion and maintenance of CVC are important.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention and the use of an interactive response system in enhancing the CVC bundle care and insertion skills of medical students undergoing critical care medicine training.

[Experience of Body Changes and Role Awakening in Postpartum Women].

Background: The reduced number of postpartum hospitalization days and decrease in providing intensive parenting guidance experienced in Taiwan in recent years may impact negatively on postpartum mothers. Moreover, these changes have reduced the opportunities available to professional caregivers to learn about the physical impacts of the postpartum period on new mothers.

Purpose: This study was designed to explore how postpartum women perceive their feelings and experience their bodies and roles after childbirth.

Comparative effects of kinect-based versus therapist-based constraint-induced movement therapy on motor control and daily motor function in children with unilateral cerebral palsy: a randomized control trial.

Background: Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) is a prominent neurorehabilitation approach for improving affected upper extremity motor function in children with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP). However, the restraint of the less-affected upper extremity and intensive training protocol during CIMT may decrease children's motivation and increase the therapist's workload and family's burden. A kinect-based CIMT program, aiming to mitigate the concerns of CIMT, has been developed.

Ambient temperature and nervous system diseases-related mortality in Japan from 2010 to 2019: A time-stratified case-crossover analysis.

Background: Despite the substantial disease burden caused by nervous system diseases, few studies have examined the association between ambient temperature and nervous system diseases, especially during cold seasons. Evidence for specific disease subgroups such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's is also lacking.

Objectives: This study examined the association between short-term changes in ambient temperature and nervous system diseases-related mortality in ten Japanese prefectures from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2019.

Gender differences in the association between insulin resistance and chronic kidney disease in a Chinese population with metabolic syndrome.

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) was reported to be associated with renal function impairment, but little is known about the gender difference. Hence, our study aimed to investigate the relationship between IR (estimated by the homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) index) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a Chinese population with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and discern whether there was any gender disparity or not.

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study enrolled 13,638 men and 10,450 women who received health examinations from 2013 to 2016 at Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital.

Optimal Threshold of Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance to Identify Metabolic Syndrome in a Chinese Population Aged 45 Years or Younger.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is regarded as a major risk factor for diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The optimal threshold of the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) has been established for predicting MetS in diverse populations and for different ages. This study assessed the serum HOMA-IR level in a healthy Chinese population aged ≤45 years to determine its relationship with metabolic abnormalities.

Functionalized Terpolymer-Brush-Based Biointerface with Improved Antifouling Properties for Ultra-Sensitive Direct Detection of Virus in Crude Clinical Samples.

New analytical techniques that overcome major drawbacks of current routinely used viral infection diagnosis methods, i.e., the long analysis time and laboriousness of real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and the insufficient sensitivity of "antigen tests", are urgently needed in the context of SARS-CoV-2 and other highly contagious viruses.

Development and Feasibility of a Kinect-Based Constraint-Induced Therapy Program in the Home Setting for Children With Unilateral Cerebral Palsy.

Cerebral palsy (CP) is the leading cause of childhood-onset physical disability. Children with CP often have impaired upper limb (UL) function. Constraint-induced therapy (CIT) is one of the most effective UL interventions for children with unilateral CP.

STAT6 Pathway Is Critical for the Induction and Function of Regulatory T Cells Induced by Mucosal B Cells.

B cells could convert naïve T cells into regulatory T cells (so-called Treg-of-B cells) which have the ability to treat animal models of inflammatory diseases, including allergic asthma, collagen-induced arthritis and colitis; however, the mechanisms of Treg-of-B cell generation remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of STAT6 in the generation of Treg-of-B (P) cells, which Treg cells were generated by Peyer's patch B cells (P stands for Peyer's patch). CD4+CD25- T cells from wild type, STAT6 knockout and IL-4 knockout mice were cocultured with wild type Peyer's patch B cells for Treg-of-B (P) cell generation.

A Pragmatic Review to Assist Planning and Practice in Delivering Nutrition Education to Indigenous Youth.

Many health promotion campaigns have incorporated multi-component nutrition interventions to promote healthy diet-related behaviours among Indigenous communities, particularly children and adolescents. However, these campaigns show mixed results and while research often describes outcomes of approaches and interventions, it does not extensively describe implementation processes and best practices for nutrition education for Indigenous youth. To enhance knowledge and understanding of best processes in nutritional education approaches with Indigenous youth, we conducted a search using multiple databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, the Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet and Australian government research databases to identify relevant peer-reviewed and grey literature as well as educational resources, such as websites and handbooks for teachers, parents, and students.

USEAQ: Ultra-fast Superpixel Extraction via Adaptive Sampling from Quantized Regions.

We present a novel and highly efficient superpixel extraction method called USEAQ to generate regular and compact superpixels in an image. To reduce the computational cost of iterative optimization procedures adopted in most recent approaches, the proposed USEAQ for superpixel generation works in a one-pass fashion. It firstly performs joint spatial and color quantizations and groups pixels into regions.

High-performance organic materials for dye-sensitized solar cells: triarylene-linked dyads with a 4-tert-butylphenylamine donor.

A series of organic dyes were prepared that displayed remarkable solar-to-energy conversion efficiencies in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). These dyes are composed of a 4-tert-butylphenylamine donor group (D), a cyanoacrylic-acid acceptor group (A), and a phenylene-thiophene-phenylene (PSP) spacer group, forming a D-π-A system. A dye containing a bulky tert-butylphenylene-substituted carbazole (CB) donor group showed the highest performance, with an overall conversion efficiency of 6.