Performance of Selected Models for Predicting Malignancy in Ovarian Tumors in Relation to the Degree of Diagnostic Uncertainty by Subjective Assessment With Ultrasound.

Objectives: The study's main aim was to evaluate the relationship between the performance of predictive models for differential diagnoses of ovarian tumors and levels of diagnostic confidence in subjective assessment (SA) with ultrasound. The second aim was to identify the parameters that differentiate between malignant and benign tumors among tumors initially diagnosed as uncertain by SA.

Methods: The study included 250 (55%) benign ovarian masses and 201 (45%) malignant tumors.

Senescence-related deterioration of intercellular junctions in the peritoneal mesothelium promotes the transmesothelial invasion of ovarian cancer cells.

Mechanisms of transmesothelial invasion of ovarian cancer are still poorly understood. Here we examined whether this phenomenon may be determined by an expression of intercellular junctions in peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs). Analysis of ovarian tumors showed that cancer cells are localized below an intact layer of PMCs.

A Unique Pattern of Mesothelial-Mesenchymal Transition Induced in the Normal Peritoneal Mesothelium by High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer.

The study was designed to establish whether high aggressiveness of high-grade serous ovarian cancer cells (HGSOCs), which display rapid growth, advanced stage at diagnosis and the highest mortality among all epithelial ovarian cancer histotypes, may be linked with a specific pattern of mesothelial-mesenchymal transition (MMT) elicited by these cells in normal peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs). Experiments were performed on primary PMCs, stable and primary ovarian cancer cells, tumors from patients with ovarian cancer, and laboratory animals. Results of in vitro and in vivo tests showed that MMT triggered by HGSOCs (primary cells and OVCAR-3 line) is far more pronounced than the process evoked by cells representing less aggressive ovarian cancer histotypes (A2780, SKOV-3).

The expression of Platelet-derived Growth factor receptors (PDGFRs) and their correlation with overall survival of patients with ovarian cancer.

Objectives: The main aim of the study was to investigate the expression of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptors alpha (PDGFR-alpha) and beta (PDGFR-beta) in malignant and benign ovarian tumors. We performed an analysis of the correlation of PDGFRs expression and stage of the disease, tumor grade and histopathological type of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Additionally, we evaluated patient prognosis according to PDGFR expression.

Mitochondria-related oxidative stress contributes to ovarian cancer-promoting activity of mesothelial cells subjected to malignant ascites.

Very little is known about the mechanisms by which malignant ascites modulates the cancer-promoting activity of human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs). Because malignant ascites induces pro-tumoral senescence in HPMCs, here we examined if this effect could be driven by oxidative stress. The study showed that malignant ascites generated by serous ovarian tumors induced oxidative damage to the DNA (γH2A.

The Proangiogenic Capabilities of Malignant Ascites Generated by Aggressive Ovarian Tumors.

Here we examined whether malignant ascites may determine ovarian tumor angiogenesis, and if so whether ascites generated by highly aggressive serous and undifferentiated cancers are more proangiogenic than those from less aggressive clear cell and endometrioid tumors. Angiogenesis was analyzed according to expression of CD31, CD34, and connexin 43. Proliferation and migration of endothelial cells were tested using fluorescence-based methods.

Clinical and hormonal features of women with polycystic ovary syndrome living in rural and urban areas.

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrinopathies among women at reproductive age, but its pathology remains unknown. From epidemiological studies it is known that endogenous, mainly genetic and exogenous, environmental factors are of importance.

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the phenotype of women diagnosed with PCOS from urban and rural areas of Poland.

Malignant ascites determine the transmesothelial invasion of ovarian cancer cells.

The exact role of malignant ascites in the development of intraperitoneal ovarian cancer metastases remains unclear. In this report we sought to establish if ascites can determine the efficiency of transmesothelial invasion of ovarian cancer cells, and, if so, whether the fluid generated by highly aggressive serous and undifferentiated tumors will promote the invasion more effectively than ascites from less aggressive clear cell and endometrioid cancers. The study showed that the invasion of ovarian cancer cells (SKOV-3 and primary cancer cells) across monolayered peritoneal mesothelial cells was elevated upon mesothelial cell exposure to fluid produced by serous and undifferentiated cancers, as compared with cells subjected to ascites from clear cell and endometrioid tumors.

Oxidative stress contributes to hepatocyte growth factor-dependent pro-senescence activity of ovarian cancer cells.

The cancer-promoting activity of senescent peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) has already been well evidenced both in vitro and in vivo. Here we sought to determine if ovarian cancer cells may activate senescence in HPMCs. The study showed that conditioned medium (CM) from ovarian cancer cells (OVCAR-3, SKOV-3, A2780) inhibited growth and promoted the development of senescence phenotype (increased SA-β-Gal, γ-H2A.

Senescent peritoneal mesothelium creates a niche for ovarian cancer metastases.

Although both incidence and aggressiveness of ovarian malignancy rise with age, the exact reason for this tendency, in particular the contribution of senescent cells, remains elusive. In this project we found that the patient's age determines the frequency of intraperitoneal metastases of ovarian cancer. Moreover, we documented that senescent human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) stimulate proliferation, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells in vitro, and that this effect is related to both the activity of soluble agents released to the environment by these cells and direct cell-cell contact.

Ovarian cancer-derived ascitic fluids induce a senescence-dependent pro-cancerogenic phenotype in normal peritoneal mesothelial cells.

Purpose: After the seeding ovarian cancer cells into the peritoneal cavity, ascitic fluid creates a microenvironment in which these cells can survive and disseminate. The exact nature of the interactions between malignant ascitic fluids and peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) in ovarian cancer progression has so far remained elusive. Here we assessed whether malignant ascitic fluids may promote the senescence of HPMCs and, by doing so, enhance the acquisition of their pro-cancerogenic phenotype.

Biochemical composition of malignant ascites determines high aggressiveness of undifferentiated ovarian tumors.

Although undifferentiated tumors are the most lethal among all ovarian cancer histotypes, the exact reasons for this situation are unclear. This report was aimed at investigating whether the high aggressiveness of undifferentiated ovarian cancer may be associated with a biochemical composition of malignant ascites accumulating in the peritoneal cavity. We analyzed ascites from patients with undifferentiated, high-grade serous, endometrioid and clear-cell ovarian cancers, and from non-cancerous patients with respect to a group of soluble agents involved in cancer cell progression.

External validation of the IOTA ADNEX model performed by two independent gynecologic centers.

Objectives: The external, two-center validation of the IOTA ADNEX model for differential diagnosis of adnexal tumors.

Methods: A total of 204 patients with adnexal masses (134 benign and 70 malignant) treated at the Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland (Center I), and 123 patients (89 benign and 34 malignant) from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra School of Medicine, Pamplona, Spain (Center II), were enrolled into the study.

Results: ADNEX achieved high accuracy in discriminating between malignant and benign ovarian tumors in both centers (79.

Ultrasonographic features and CA125 levels of hormonally active ovarian tumors.

Objectives: Subjective ultrasonographic assessment is currently considered to be the best method of differentiation between various types of ovarian tumors. The aim of the study was to evaluate selected ultrasonographic features and CA125 levels of hormonally active ovarian tumors.

Material And Methods: A total of 1135 women with ovarian tumors were diagnosed between 2006 and 2014 at the Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences.

The associations between serum VEGF, bFGF and endoglin levels with microvessel density and expression of proangiogenic factors in malignant and benign ovarian tumors.

Aim Of The Study: To investigate whether serum levels of VEGF, bFGF and endoglin correlate with tumor VEGF and bFGF expression or microvessel density (MVD) in ovarian cancer.

Patients And Methods: Forty five patients with epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) and 38 patients with benign ovarian tumors (BOTs) were included into the study. Serum levels of VEGF, bFGF and endoglin were assessed using ELISA.

Solitary fibrous mass of the omentum mimicking an ovarian tumor: case report.

There are some pelvic masses which are difficult to correctly classify as malignant or benign. The decision concerning method and choice of surgical intervention is not simple in this situation. Some tumors are extremely rare and need to be presented in the literature.

Malignant presentation of uterine lymphangioleiomyomatosis.

Objective: The main aim of this case report was to present the method of diagnosis, management, and the 12-year-follow-up of a patient diagnosed with primary uterine lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM).

Case Report: A 47-year-old woman was admitted to the Department of Thoracosurgery due to pulmonary lesions suspected to be metastatic. The potential primary site of the neoplasm was not identified by previous imaging studies and specialist counseling.

Senescent peritoneal mesothelium induces a pro-angiogenic phenotype in ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in a mouse xenograft model in vivo.

It is believed that senescent cells contribute to the progression of primary and metastatic tumors, however, the exact mechanisms of this activity remain elusive. In this report we show that senescent human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) alter the secretory profile of ovarian cancer cells (A2780, OVCAR-3, SKOV-3) by increasing the release of four angiogenic agents: CXCL1, CXCL8, HGF, and VEGF. Proliferation and migration of endothelial cells subjected to conditioned medium generated by: cancer cells modified by senescent HPMCs; cancer cells co-cultured with senescent HPMCs; and by early-passage HPMCs from aged donors, were markedly intensified.

Colorectal cancer-promoting activity of the senescent peritoneal mesothelium.

Gastrointestinal cancers metastasize into the peritoneal cavity in a process controlled by peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs). In this paper we examined if senescent HPMCs can intensify the progression of colorectal (SW480) and pancreatic (PSN-1) cancers in vitro and in vivo. Experiments showed that senescent HPMCs stimulate proliferation, migration and invasion of SW480 cells, and migration of PSN-1 cells.

High Potency of a Novel Resveratrol Derivative, 3,3',4,4'-Tetrahydroxy-trans-stilbene, against Ovarian Cancer Is Associated with an Oxidative Stress-Mediated Imbalance between DNA Damage Accumulation and Repair.

We explored the effect of a new resveratrol (RVT) derivative, 3,3',4,4'-tetrahydroxy-trans-stilbene (3,3',4,4'-THS), on viability, apoptosis, proliferation, and senescence of three representative lines of ovarian cancer cells, that is, A2780, OVCAR-3, and SKOV-3, in vitro. In addition, the mechanistic aspects of 3,3',4,4'-THS activity, including cell redox homeostasis (the production of reactive oxygen species, activity of enzymatic antioxidants, and magnitude of DNA damage accumulation and repair), and the activity of caspases (3, 8, and 9) and p38 MAPK were examined. The study showed that 3,3',4,4'-THS affects cancer cell viability much more efficiently than its parent drug.

Menopausal status strongly influences the utility of predictive models in differential diagnosis of ovarian tumors: an external validation of selected diagnostic tools.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to externally validate the diagnostic performance of the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis logistic regression models (LR1 and LR2, 2005) and other popular prognostic models including the Timmerman logistic regression model (1999), the Alcazar model (2003), the risk of malignancy index (RMI, 1990), and the risk of malignancy algorithm (ROMA, 2009). We compared these models to subjective ultrasonographic assessment performed by an experienced ultrasonography specialist, and with our previously developed scales: the sonomorphologic index and the vascularization index. Furthermore, we evaluated diagnostic tests with regard to the menopausal status of patients.

Serum arylesterase and paraoxonase activities in patients with ovarian tumors.

Objective: High levels of toxic reactive oxygen species have been found in many types of cancer cells. Serum arylesterase (ARE) and paraoxonase (PON) are esterase enzymes that have strong antioxidant characteristics. The main purpose of our study was to evaluate the activity of ARE and PON in the sera of patients with ovarian cancer and benign ovarian tumors.

The value of extended preoperative thromboprophylaxis with dalteparin in patients with ovarian cancer qualified to surgical treatment.

Aim: Ovarian cancer (OC) is associated with a high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in both, pre- and postoperative period. The aim of the study was to analyse the efficacy and the safety of an early prophylaxis with dalteparin in patients with OC qualified to surgery.

Methods: The prospective, non-randomized study was performed in the group of OC patients qualified to surgical treatment.

Exosomes in Plasma of Patients with Ovarian Carcinoma: Potential Biomarkers of Tumor Progression and Response to Therapy.

Background: In patients with Ovarian Cancer (OvCa) exosomes released by tumor cells are present in the plasma and could be involved in tumor progression. This study examines the association between the exosome presence/protein content in plasma of OvCa patients and disease outcome, response to standard therapy and/or tumorresistance to therapies in patients studied at diagnosis and also serially during and after therapy.

Design And Methods: Exosomes were purified from OvCa patients' plasma (n=22), patients with benign tumors (n=10) or (n=10) healthy controls (NC) using ultracentrifugation.

Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) expression correlates positively with active angiogenesis and negatively with basic fibroblast growth factor expression in epithelial ovarian cancer.

Purpose: The primary aim of this paper was to evaluate the expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) and its relationship with proangiogenic factors and microvessel density (MVD) in ovarian cancer.

Methods: The study group included 58 epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs), 35 benign ovarian tumors, and 21 normal ovaries. The expression of EMMPRIN, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was assessed by ELISA of tissue homogenates.