Determination of Biogenic Amine Level Variations upon Storage, in Chicken Breast Coated with Edible Protective Film.

A new chitosan-based protective film containing rosemarinic acid (0.282% /) has been elaborated. The film was formed from a water-oil emulsion system and applied to poultry meat samples using a dip-coating technique.

A new approach for analysing biogenic amines in meat samples: Microwave-assisted derivatisation using 2-chloro-3-nitropyridine.

Biogenic amines are compounds whose occurrence in meat is linked to the presence of undesirable microorganisms. They can be utilised as a means to assess the quality and purity of the raw material. Therefore, the methods used to determine their levels are crucial in ensuring meat safety.

The Selection of the Best Derivatization Reagents for the Determination of Polyamines in Home-Made Wine Samples.

The procedures of putrescine, spermine, spermidine, and cadaverine derivatization using 2-chloro-1,3-dinitro-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzene, 1-fluoro-2-nitro-4-(trifluoromethyl) benzene, and 3,5-bis-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl isothiocyanate for chromatographic determination in home-made wine samples are compared in the present study. The procedures discussed were compared regarding simplicity, linearity, precision, and accuracy. The polyamines derivatives were isolated and characterized by X-ray crystallography and H, C, and F NMR spectroscopy.

Simple and Effective Derivatization of Amino Acids with 1-Fluoro-2-nitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene in a Microwave Reactor for Determination of Free Amino Acids in Kombucha Beverages.

Kombucha is a fermentation product of sweetened tea with a symbiotic culture of acetic acid and yeast bacteria, consumed worldwide for its health-promoting properties. Few reports can be found about free amino acids among the health-promoting compounds found and determined in kombucha. These compounds influence the sensory properties of kombucha, and they are precursors of bioactive compounds, which have a significant role as neurotransmitters and are involved in biological functions.

New Separation Material Obtained from Waste Rapeseed Cake for Copper(II) and Zinc(II) Removal from the Industrial Wastewater.

Rapeseed cake biochar was produced by pyrolysis at 973.15 K for 2 h, in anoxic conditions. Porous structure, specific surface area and die composition of waste rapeseed cake were studied.

Copper Nitride Nanowire Arrays-Comparison of Synthetic Approaches.

Copper nitride nanowire arrays were synthesized by an ammonolysis reaction of copper oxide precursors grown on copper surfaces in an ammonia solution. The starting Cu films were deposited on a silicon substrate using two different methods: thermal evaporation (30 nm thickness) and electroplating (2 μm thickness). The grown CuO or CuO/Cu(OH) architectures were studied in regard to morphology and size, using electron microscopy methods (SEM, TEM).

Synthesis, Optical, and Morphological Studies of ZnO Powders and Thin Films Fabricated by Wet Chemical Methods.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles were prepared from Zn(CO)(OH) precursor, capped with poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), and annealed at 600 °C. The obtained powders were characterized by a powder X-ray diffraction (PXD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), Raman spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy (IR), thermal analysis (TGA/DTA), and third-order nonlinear (NL) optical measurement. Morphological evaluation by TEM and SEM measurements indicated that the precursor micro-particles are ball-shaped structures composed of plates with a thickness of approximately 10 nm.

Electron interaction with copper(II) carboxylate compounds.

In the present study we have performed electron collision experiments with copper carboxylate complexes: [Cu(-BuNH)(µ-OCCF)], [Cu(-BuNH)(µ-OCCF)], [Cu(EtNH)(µ-OCCF)], and [Cu(µ-OCCF)]. Mass spectrometry was used to identify the fragmentation pattern of the coordination compounds produced in crossed electron - molecular beam experiments and to measure the dependence of ion yields of positive and negative ions on the electron energy. The dissociation pattern of positive ions contains a sequential loss of both the carboxylate ligands and/or the amine ligands from the complexes.

Application of 3,5-bis-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl isothiocyanate for the determination of selected biogenic amines by LC-tandem mass spectrometry and F NMR.

3,5-Bis-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl isothiocyanate, was used as a convenient reagent for the derivatization of histamine, tyramine, tryptamine and 2-phenylethylamine, which eliminates the purification step. The obtained derivatives were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Additionally, the total amount of these amines was determined by F nuclear magnetic resonance analysis.

Determination of mycotoxins, alkaloids, phytochemicals, antioxidants and cytotoxicity in Asiatic ginseng (Ashwagandha, Dong quai, ).

Mycotoxins and selected hazardous alkaloids in the medicinal plants (Panax , , ) and dietary supplements were determined. Purine alkaloids were found in majority of samples; however, isoquinoline alkaloids were less abundant than indole. The predominant alkaloids appear to be caffeine (purine group), harman (indole group) and berberine (isoquinoline).

Studies of levels of biogenic amines in meat samples in relation to the content of additives.

The impact of meat additives on the concentration of biogenic amines and the quality of meat was studied. Fresh white and red meat samples were fortified with the following food additives: citric and lactic acids, disodium diphosphate, sodium nitrite, sodium metabisulphite, potassium sorbate, sodium chloride, ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, propyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (propyl gallate) and butylated hydroxyanisole. The content of spermine, spermidine, putrescine, cadaverine, histamine, tyramine, tryptamine and 2-phenylethylamine was determined by capillary isotachophoretic methods in meat samples (fresh and fortified) during four days of storage at 4°C.

Determination of phytochemicals, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content in Andrographis paniculata using chromatographic methods.

Antioxidant activity, total phenolics content and selected phytochemicals (alkaloids and andrographolides) were determined in Andrographis paniculata and in dietary supplements containing this plant. Antioxidant activity was measured by FRAP, CUPRAC and DPPH procedures and ranged from 503.36 to 6164.

Determination of toxic metals by ICP-MS in Asiatic and European medicinal plants and dietary supplements.

The potentially toxic metals content was determined in selected plants, used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (Angelica sinensis, Bacopa monnieri, Bupleurum sinensis, Curcuma longa, Cola accuminata, Emblica officinalis, Garcinia cambogia, Mucuna pruriens, Ocimum sanctum, Panax ginseng, Pueraria lobata, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Schisandra sinensis, Scutellaria baicalensis, Siraitia grosvenorii, Terminalia arjuna and Terminalia chebula), and some European herbs (Echinacea purpurea, Hypericum perforatum, Vitis vinifera). Samples were mineralized in a closed microwave system using HNO3 and the concentrations of Cd, Pb, Al, As, Ba, Ni and Sb were determined by ICP-MS method. Some relevant aspects of potential toxicity of metallic elements and their compounds were also discussed.

Optimisation of ultrasound-assisted extraction of natural antioxidants from mustard seed cultivars.

Background: Modified mustard varieties can produce edible oil with reduced amounts of erucic acid and glucosinolates and enhanced antioxidant potential. Therefore, this work focused on the optimisation of the ultrasound-assisted extraction of compounds with high antioxidant capacity from three white mustard seed cultivars using response surface methodology.

Results: The predicted optimum solvent polarity (57.

New procedure of selected biogenic amines determination in wine samples by HPLC.

A new procedure for determination of biogenic amines (BA): histamine, phenethylamine, tyramine and tryptamine, based on the derivatization reaction with 2-chloro-1,3-dinitro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-benzene (CNBF), is proposed. The amines derivatives with CNBF were isolated and characterized by X-ray crystallography and (1)H, (13)C, (19)F NMR spectroscopy in solution. The novelty of the procedure is based on the pure and well-characterized products of the amines derivatization reaction.

Structural studies of copper(II) complexes with 2-(2-aminoethyl)pyridine derived Schiff bases and application as precursors of thin organic-inorganic layers.

Cu(ii) complexes with Schiff bases derived from 2-pyridin-2-ylethanamine were obtained and characterized by UV-Vis, fluorescence, and IR spectra. The X-ray crystal structures determined for [Cu(ii)(epy(di-t-Buba))Cl] × 0.042H2O and [Cu(ii)(epy(di-t-Buba))O2CCH3] revealed tetrahedral distortion of the Cu(ii) coordination sphere in the solid phase.

Simultaneous determination of selected biogenic amines in alcoholic beverage samples by isotachophoretic and chromatographic methods.

A simple and useful method for the determination of biogenic amines in beverage samples based on isotachophoretic separation is described. The proposed procedure permitted simultaneous analysis of histamine, tyramine, cadaverine, putrescine, tryptamine, 2-phenylethylamine, spermine and spermidine. The data presented demonstrate the utility, simplicity, flexibility, sensitivity and environmentally friendly character of the proposed method.

New nickel(II) and copper(II) complexes with unsymmetrical Schiff bases derived from (1R,2R)(-)cyclohexanediamine and the application of Cu(II) complexes for hybrid thin layers deposition.

New unsymmetrical Schiff bases obtained by condensation of (1R,2R)(-)cyclohexanediamine with 2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzaldehyde (3,5-(t)bba) and 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (3-metoxba) or 2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde (5-nba) and 2-hydroxyacetophenone (hacphen) were used for the synthesis of Cu(ii) and Ni(ii) complexes. The ligands and complexes were characterized by circular dichroism (CD), UV-vis, IR, (1)H (NOE diff) (ligand) and (13)C NMR (ligand) spectra. The X-ray crystal structures solved for Ni(II)(1R,2R)(-)chxn(3,5-(t)bba)(hacphen) exhibit distortion of the coordination sphere towards tetrahedral in the solid phase.

Spectroscopic determination of metals in palm oils from different stages of the technological process.

Magnesium, calcium, copper, iron, and lead in palm oils ( Elaeis guineensis ) at various stages of the refining process were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after microwave digestion. The mean concentrations of Mg, Ca, Cu, Fe, and Pb in the studied palm oils varied from 20.7 to 7090.

A silver nanoparticle-based method for determination of antioxidant capacity of rapeseed and its products.

A novel silver nanoparticle-based (AgNP) method and two modified procedures, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), were used for determination of antioxidant capacities of the ethanolic, methanolic, methanolic-aqueous (1 : 1 v/v) and aqueous extracts of rapeseed and its products. The AgNP method based on the electron-transfer reaction between silver ions and antioxidants in an optimized ammonium buffer medium (pH = 8.4) and determination of silver nanoparticle formation has been elaborated.

Effect of refining processes on antioxidant capacity, total contents of phenolics and carotenoids in palm oils.

Antioxidant capacity (AC), total phenolic content (TPC) and total carotenoid content (TCC) in palm oils at various stages of the refining process from two technological modes were determined. The obtained mean FRAP and DPPH values for the methanolic extracts of palm oils from mode 1 (19.5-102.

Structural and luminescence studies of nickel(II) and copper(II) complexes with (1R,2R)-cyclohexanediamine derived unsymmetric Schiff base.

Unsymmetrical Schiff base obtained by the condensation reaction of (1R,2R)(-)cyclohexanediamine with 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 2-hydroxynaphthaldehyde was used as a ligand for copper(II) and nickel(II). The ligand and complexes were characterized by circular dichroism (CD), UV-VIS, fluorescence, IR and (1)H (NOE diff), NOESY and (13)C NMR (ligand) spectra. The X-ray crystal structures solved for (1R,2R)(-)chxn(salH)(naftalH) and Cu(II)(1R,2R)(-)chxn(sal)(naftal) revealed tetrahedral distortion of coordination sphere in the solid phase.

Antioxidant capacity, total phenolics, glucosinolates and colour parameters of rapeseed cultivars.

The antioxidant capacity of twenty nine rapeseed varieties was determined by using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) methods. Mean FRAP (3190-6326μmol Trolox/100g) and DPPH (3194-6346μmol Trolox/100g) values for methanolic extracts of rapeseed cultivars did not differ significantly. Moreover, the total content of phenolics (756-1324mg sinapic acid/100g), glucosinolates (4.

Platinum(IV) coordination compounds containing 5-methyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7(4H)-one as nonleaving ligand. Molecular and cytotoxicity in vitro characterization.

Novel platinum(IV) coordination compounds with 5-methyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7(4H)-one (HmtpO): cis-trans-[PtCl(2)(OH)(2)(NH(3))(HmtpO)] (1), cis-trans-[PtCl(5)(HmtpO)][(CH(3))(2)NH(2)] (2) have been prepared and structurally characterized by spectroscopic methods ((1)H, IR and X-ray crystallography (2)). The X-ray results indicate that the local geometry around the platinum(IV) centre approximates a typical octahedral arrangement with nitrogen atom N3 of the HmtpO and three chloride atoms in equatorial positions. The remaining two axial positions are occupied by two chlorides.