Factors affecting mammogram breast cancer surveillance effectiveness in the ipsilateral and contralateral breast.

Aim: Mammography is the mainstay of imaging surveillance after breast cancer (BC) treatment, but false negatives can occur. The objective of the study was to determine the factors that can predict poorer second breast cancer (SBC) mammogram detection of the ipsilateral and contralateral breast separately.

Methods: A multicentre retrospective review was performed on female patients with a previous history of treated BC who developed a second breast cancer (SBC) in the ipsilateral (ISBC) or contralateral breast (CSBC) within 10 years from the first BC.

Use of axillary ultrasound to guide breast cancer management in the genomic assay era.

Introduction: Chemotherapy is conventionally offered to non-stage IV breast cancer patients with metastatic nodes. However, the RxPONDER trial showed that chemotherapy can be omitted in selected patients with 1-3 metastatic nodes if the 21-gene assay recurrence score is ≤25. We aimed to investigate if axillary ultrasound can identify this group of patients with limited nodal burden so that they can undergo upfront surgery followed by gene assay testing, to potentially avoid chemotherapy.

Injection mammoplasty: Normal imaging appearances, complications, and implications for mammographic screening.

Background: The normal imaging appearances of the common agents used in injection mammoplasty and the challenges of mammography screening will be reviewed.

Methods: The local database from a tertiary hospital was accessed for imaging cases of injection mammoplasty.

Results: Free silicone is seen as multiple high-density opacities on mammograms.

Sonographic visibility of the UltraCorTM TwirlTM tissue marker.

Background: Tissue markers are inserted into the breast after percutaneous biopsy to mark the site of the lesion to facilitate potential re-localisation. Tissue markers are increasingly developed with improved sonographic visibility due to benefits conferred by ultrasound-guided localisation.

Objectives: We aim to study the sonographic visibility of the recently-introduced UltracorTM TwirlTM tissue marker and feasibility of its pre-operative localisation under ultrasound guidance.

The Characteristics of Real-time Transvaginal Sono-elastography in Endometrial Cancer.

Background: Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer among women in developed countries. Sono-elastography is an extended ultrasonographic technique that has been shown to be useful in a wide range of conditions ranging from breast, prostate, and thyroid nodules to chronic liver disease and musculoskeletal conditions. The aim of this study is to compare the sonoelastographic features of endometrial malignancy and normal endometrium.

Usefulness of supplementary ultrasound surveillance in the detection of a second breast cancer in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ.

Introduction: Supplementary ultrasound surveillance in breast cancer patients can detect additional cancers but is associated with unnecessary biopsies and follow-ups. We aim to determine, in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), the prevalence and factors associated with second breast cancers and the usefulness of supplementary ultrasound surveillance. This is the first study which focused on the usefulness of ultrasound surveillance in DCIS patients.

Responsive Web-based Breast Imaging Core Curriculum for International Radiology Residents with Self-Assessment: A Pilot Study.

Rationale And Objectives: Lack of uniformity in radiology resident education is partially attributable to variable access to subspecialty education. Web-based courses improve standardization, but with growing emphasis on competency based education, more evaluation of their effectiveness is needed. We created a responsive web-based breast imaging curriculum for radiology residents including self-assessment and a satisfaction survey.

Radiology Preparedness in the Ongoing Battle against COVID-19: Experiences from Large to Small Public Hospitals in Singapore.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic presents an unprecedented challenge to the health care systems of the world. In Singapore, early experiences of the radiology community on managing this pandemic was shaped by lessons learned from the severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak in 2003. This article surveys the operational responses of radiology departments from six public hospitals in Singapore.

A systematic approach to imaging the pelvis in amenorrhea.

This is a pictorial review on the radiological approach to patients with amenorrhea using a level-based framework. The prevalence of amenorrhea is 3 to 4% with wide-ranging causes involving multiple clinical disciplines. Normal menstruation depends on complex coordinated hormonal functions of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis exerting its effect on an intact uterine end-organ and outflow tract.

Would Removal of All Ultrasound Abnormal Metastatic Lymph Nodes Without Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Be Accurate in Patients with Breast Cancer with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy?

Lessons Learned: Removal of sonographically abnormal (up to 3) metastatic clipped nodes, without sentinel lymph node biopsy, could accurately predict axillary status in breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. ypT and the first clipped node status were statistically significant factors for nodal pathologic complete response. This novel approach requires validation in larger studies.

Breast Microcalcifications as the Only Imaging Manifestation of Metastatic Serous Peritoneal Adenocarcinoma in the Breast.

We present a case of a 65 year old female with newly diagnosed primary peritoneal serous carcinoma who was found to have indeterminate segmental microcalcifications in the right upper outer quadrant with a mildly enlarged right axillary node on mammogram. There was no associated breast mass on ultrasound. Core biopsy of the right axillary lymph node and right upper outer quadrant breast microcalcifications confirmed the presence of breast metastases at both sites from primary peritoneal serous carcinoma.

Initial results of a novel technique of clipped node localization in breast cancer patients postneoadjuvant chemotherapy: Skin Mark clipped Axillary nodes Removal Technique (SMART trial).

Purpose: Removal of clipped nodes can improve sentinel node biopsy accuracy in breast cancer patients post neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). However, the current methods of clipped node localization have limitations. We evaluated the feasibility of a novel clipped node localization and removal technique by preoperative skin marking of clipped nodes and removal by the Skin Mark clipped Axillary nodes Removal Technique (SMART), with the secondary aim of assessing the ultrasound visibility of the various clips in the axillary nodes after NACT.

Determining Whether High Nodal Burden in Early Breast Cancer Patients Can Be Predicted Preoperatively to Avoid Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy.

Purpose: The Z0011 trial showed that axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) can be safely avoided in breast cancer patients with low nodal burden (LNB). ALND can be performed in patients with high nodal burden (HNB). We aimed to determine whether HNB in early breast cancer patients can be predicted preoperatively to avoid sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB).

Young breast cancer in a specialised breast unit in Singapore: clinical, radiological and pathological factors.

Introduction: Whilst only 5.5% to 7% of breast cancer occurs in women less than 40 years of age in the West, the incidence has been reported in up to 18% in Asian population. This study seeks to evaluate our unit's experience in breast cancer in young women.

Radiologic features of polyacrylamide gel mammoplasty.

Objective: The objective of our study was to describe the imaging features of polyacrylamide gel breast implants in women with and those without complications from mammoplasty.

Conclusion: Although polyacrylamide gel implants may mimic conventional implants on both sonography and MRI in women who do not have complications from mammoplasty, polyacrylamide gel implants have some distinguishing features. The imaging appearance of polyacrylamide gel implants is related to the technique of injection and whether there are any associated complications.

Primary malignant mixed mullerian tumor of the uterus: findings on sonography, CT, and gadolinium-enhanced MRI.

Objective: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the sonographic, contrast-enhanced CT, and gadolinium-enhanced MRI findings of primary malignant mixed müllerian tumors (MMMTs) of the uterus.

Conclusion: Uterine MMMT most commonly presents as an intracavitary mass with coexistent dilatation of the endometrial canal. Tumors tend to appear hyperechoic on sonography, heterogeneously hypodense and ill defined on contrast-enhanced CT, and heterogeneously hyperintense on T2-weighted MR images with signal abnormalities indicating subacute hemorrhage on T1-weighted MR images.