Alkaline Phosphatase Relieves Colitis in Obese Mice Subjected to Forced Exercise via Its Anti-Inflammatory and Intestinal Microbiota-Shaping Properties.

Intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) is an enzyme that plays a protective role in the gut. This study investigated the effect of IAP treatment on experimental colitis in mice subjected to forced exercise on a high-fat diet. C57BL/6 mice with TNBS colitis were fed a high-fat diet and subjected to forced treadmill exercise with or without IAP treatment.

The Importance of Nutritional Aspects in the Assessment of Inflammation and Intestinal Barrier in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Intestinal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is closely linked to nutrition. This study aimed to evaluate associations between nutritional, inflammatory, and intestinal barrier parameters in patients with IBD. We assessed nutritional status, fecal short-chain fatty acid profile, serum cytokine levels, and mRNA expression of enzymes and tight junction proteins in intestinal biopsies obtained from 35 patients, including 11 patients with inactive IBD, 18 patients with active IBD, and six controls.

Time-extended exposure of gastric epithelial cells to secretome of -activated fibroblasts induces reprogramming of gastric epithelium towards pre-cancerogenic and pro-invasive phenotype.

Despite of the improvement in gastric cancer (GC) therapies patients still suffer from cancer recurrence and metastasis. Recently, the high ratio of these events combined with increased chemoresistance has been related to the asymptomatic Helicobacter pylori () infections. The limited efficiency of GC treatment strategies is also increasingly attributed to the activity of tumor stroma with the key role of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs).

The relationship between the presence of Helicobacter pylori and the composition of ionic and organic microelements in drinking water from Cracow.

Although the natural niche for H. pylori (Hp) is the human stomach, for widespread infection to occur this microorganism may need to survive in the external environment. Molecular techniques such as polymerase (PCR) have revealed the presence of Hp DNA in water, indicating that this environment could act as a reservoir for this bacterium.

Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase Combined with Voluntary Physical Activity Alleviates Experimental Colitis in Obese Mice. Involvement of Oxidative Stress, Myokines, Adipokines and Proinflammatory Biomarkers.

Intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) is an essential mucosal defense factor involved in the process of maintenance of gut homeostasis. We determined the effect of moderate exercise (voluntary wheel running) with or without treatment with IAP on the course of experimental murine 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) colitis by assessing disease activity index (DAI), colonic blood flow (CBF), plasma myokine irisin levels and the colonic and adipose tissue expression of proinflammatory cytokines, markers of oxidative stress (SOD2, GPx) and adipokines in mice fed a standard diet (SD) or high-fat diet (HFD). Macroscopic and microscopic colitis in sedentary SD mice was accompanied by a significant decrease in CBF, and a significant increase in the colonic expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-6, IL-1β and leptin mRNAs and decrease in the mRNA expression of adiponectin.

Long-Term Infection Switches Gastric Epithelium Reprogramming Towards Cancer Stem Cell-Related Differentiation Program in -Activated Gastric Fibroblast-TGFβ Dependent Manner.

(-induced inflammatory reaction leads to a persistent disturbance of gastric mucosa and chronic gastritis evidenced by deregulation of tissue self-renewal and local fibrosis with the crucial role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in this process. As we reported before, activated gastric fibroblasts into cells possessing cancer-associated fibroblast properties (CAFs), which secreted factors responsible for EMT process initiation in normal gastric epithelial RGM1 cells. Here, we showed that the long-term incubation of RGM1 cells in the presence of -activated gastric fibroblast (-AGF) secretome induced their shift towards plastic LGR5/Oct4/Sox-2/c-Myc/Klf4 phenotype (l.

Participation of the intestinal microbiota in the mechanism of beneficial effect of treatment with synbiotic Syngut on experimental colitis under stress conditions.

Gut-brain axis plays a central role in the regulation of stress related diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It is increasingly recognized that stress modulates gut microbiota community structure and activity and represents an important causal factor in dysbiosis. This study was designed to determine the effect of daily treatment with synbiotic (Syngut) containing inulin, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium lactis W51, Lactobacillus plantarum W21 and Lactococcus lactis applied i.

Involvement of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-inducing transcription factors in the mechanism of Helicobacter pylori-induced fibroblasts activation.

Gastric cancer (GC) originating from the lining of the stomach is one of the most frequent malignancies in humans. The most efficient method giving hope of full recovery from GC is gastric resection combined with adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, over 50% of patients after treatment suffer from recurrence and peritoneal metastasis.

Helicobacter pylori-activated gastric fibroblasts induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition of gastric epithelial cells in vitro in a TGF-β-dependent manner.

Background: Colonization of the gastric mucosa with Helicobacter pylori (Hp) leads to the cascade of pathologic events including local inflammation, gastric ulceration, and adenocarcinoma formation. Paracrine loops between tissue cells and Hp contribute to the formation of gastric cancerous loci; however, the specific mechanisms underlying existence of these loops remain unknown. We determined the phenotypic properties of gastric fibroblasts exposed to Hp (cagA+vacA+) infection and their influence on normal epithelial RGM-1 cells.

Role of Helicobacter pylori infection in cancer-associated fibroblast-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in vitro.

Background: Major human gastrointestinal pathogen Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonizes the gastric mucosa causing inflammation and severe complications including cancer, but the involvement of fibroblasts in the pathogenesis of these disorders in H. pylori-infected stomach has been little studied.

Molecular alterations in fibroblasts exposed to Helicobacter pylori: a missing link in bacterial inflammation progressing into gastric carcinogenesis?

Major human pathogen Helicobacter pylori (Hp) can colonize the gastric mucosa causing inflammation and being of potential risk for gastric cancer development but the contribution of fibroblasts to the pathogenesis of Hp in the stomach has been little studied. Normal stroma contains few fibroblasts, especially myofibroblasts, but their number rapidly increases in the reactive stroma surrounding inflammatory region and neoplastic tissue. We determined the effect of coincubation of cultured rat gastric fibroblasts with alive Hp on the transdifferentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts associated with Hp-induced inflammation and neoplasia.

[Melatonin as a therapeutic factor in gastric ulcer healing under experimental diabetes].

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a hormon secreted mostly by the pineal gland in the brain which maintains the body's circadian rhythm. Interestingly, this indol derivative is produced by enterochromaffin-like cells (ECL) in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) in amount about 400 fold greater than detected in the pinealocytes. Previous studies revealed that melatonin exerts beneficial action against acute gastric damage induced by stress ethanol, aspirin and ischemia-reperfusion.

Asymmetric dimethylarginine, an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, interacts with gastric oxidative metabolism and enhances stress-induced gastric lesions.

Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthase known to exert vasoconstriction of vascular bed. The elevation of ADMA has been considered as the cardiovascular risk factor associated with hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia and metabolic syndrome. ADMA is produced by the action of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH), which hydrolyzes ADMA to L-citrulline and dimethylamine.

Helicobacter pylori promotes apoptosis, activates cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and inhibits heat shock protein HSP70 in gastric cancer epithelial cells.

Objective: Apoptosis plays an important role in the regulation of gastric epithelial cell number and gastrointestinal disorders induced by Helicobacter pylori (Hp). Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are involved in cell integrity, cell growth and in gastric mucosa colonized by Hp. COX-2 was implicated in Hp-induced carcinogenesis but the effects of this germ and CagA cytotoxin on HSP70, COX-2, Bax and Bcl-2 in gastric cancer epithelial cells have been little studied.

Helicobacter pylori inhibits expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in human epithelial cell line. Importance of Cag A protein.

Heat shock proteins (HSP) are crucial for the maintenance of cell integrity under normal cell growth and at pathophysiological conditions such as colonization of gastric mucosa by Helicobacter pylori (Hp). The effect of Hp on mRNA expression for HSP70 in the gastric epithelial cells in vitro has been little studied and remains inconclusive. In this study we attempted to determine the alterations in gene expression for HSP70 induced by two live strains of Hp in the epithelial MKN7 cells.

Genetic immunization of ducks for production of antibodies specific to Helicobacter pylori UreB in egg yolks.

Following genetic immunization of laying ducks with a plasmid expressing Helicobacter pylori UreB (large subunit of urease), IgY against UreB were obtained from egg yolks. These polyclonal and monospecific IgY antibodies are of higher-titer and specifically recognize recombinant H. pylori urease purified from Escherichia coli.

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Polish shepherds and their families.

Background: Helicobacter pylori infection might, in some instances, be considered as zoonosis.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the H. pylori prevalence in Polish shepherds and in their families as compared to controls.