Evaluation of clinical and radiographic warning signs for prediction of oroantral communication following tooth extractions.

Objectives: Oroantral communication (OAC) is a relatively common and mild complication of maxillary tooth extractions. Preoperative prediction of OAC can reduce treatment duration and prepare both operators and patients for the procedure. This study aims to identify alarming radiographic and clinical indicators that can predict OAC therefore assisting clinical decision making to practicing general dentists.

NADPH oxidases in healthy white adipose tissue and in obesity: function, regulation, and clinical implications.

Reactive oxygen species, when produced in a controlled manner, are physiological modulators of healthy white adipose tissue (WAT) expansion and metabolic function. By contrast, unbridled production of oxidants is associated with pathological WAT expansion and the establishment of metabolic dysfunctions, most notably insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. NADPH oxidases (NOXs) produce oxidants in an orderly fashion and are present in adipocytes and in other diverse WAT-constituent cell types.

Case report: Initial atypical skeletal symptoms and dental anomalies as first signs of Gardner syndrome: the importance of genetic analysis in the early diagnosis.

Gardner syndrome is a rare genetic cancer predisposition disorder characterized by intestinal polyposis, multiple osteomas, and soft and hard tissue tumors. Dental anomalies are present in approximately 30%-70% of patients with Gardner syndrome and can be discovered during routine dental examinations. However, sometimes the diagnosis is challenging due to the high clinical variability and incomplete clinical picture.

Non-pain-related complaints of paediatric patients after dental treatment under general anaesthesia.

Aim: To investigate the prevalence, duration, and severity of non-pain-related complaints after dental treatment under general anaesthesia (DTGA) and to identify correlating factors from patient's characteristics and treatment.

Methods: Parents/caregivers of children treated under general anaesthesia were asked to fill in a dichotomous questionnaire during hospitalisation and the postoperative week. Several complaints were evaluated in relation to factors associated with dental treatment and general anaesthesia.

Pain-related complaints of paediatric patients after dental treatment under general anaesthesia.

Aim: To identify factors related to postoperative pain and to recognise strategies to reduce this pain after dental treatment under general anaesthesia.

Methods: Cross-sectional observational study. Children treated under general ansesthesia reported pain daily using the Wong Baker FACES® Pain Rating Scale.

NADPH Oxidases Connecting Fatty Liver Disease, Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes: Current Knowledge and Therapeutic Outlook.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized by ectopic fat accumulation in hepatocytes, is closely linked to insulin resistance and is the most frequent complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). One of the features connecting NAFLD, insulin resistance and T2DM is cellular oxidative stress. Oxidative stress refers to a redox imbalance due to an inequity between the capacity of production and the elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Breast Cancer Survivorship Programme: Follow-Up, Rehabilitation, Psychosocial Oncology Care. 1st Central-Eastern European Professional Consensus Statement on Breast Cancer.

Follow-up includes ongoing contact with and health education of the patient, surveillance and control of the adverse effects of surgery, oncological therapies or radiotherapy, screening of metachronous cancers, and comprehensive (physical, psychological and social) patient rehabilitation, which may be enhanced by a healthy lifestyle. Primary attention should be paid to early detection and, when needed, curative treatment of local/regional tumour recurrences. Similarly, with the hope of curative solution, it is important to recognize the entity of a low-mass and relatively indolent recurrence or metastasis (oligometastasis); however, there is still no need to investigate distant metastases by routine diagnostic imaging or assess tumour markers.

NADPH Oxidase 4 (NOX4) in Cancer: Linking Redox Signals to Oncogenic Metabolic Adaptation.

Cancer cells can survive and maintain their high proliferation rate in spite of their hypoxic environment by deploying a variety of adaptative mechanisms, one of them being the reorientation of cellular metabolism. A key aspect of this metabolic rewiring is the promotion of the synthesis of antioxidant molecules in order to counter-balance the hypoxia-related elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and thus combat the onset of cellular oxidative stress. However, opposite to their negative role in the inception of oxidative stress, ROS are also key modulatory components of physiological cellular metabolism.

Course induced dexterity development and cerebellar grey matter growth of dentistry students: a randomised trial.

This study primarily focuses on the assessment of dentistry students' improvement of manual skills resulting from their participation in courses. We aimed to prove that systematic manual skills development significantly improves dexterity. We hypothesized that the dexterity training regimen improves manual dexterity demonstrated by the HAM-Man (Hamburg Assessment Test for Medicine-Manual Dexterity) test scores and CGM (cerebellar grey matter) growth.

[Objective measurement of manual dexterity of Parkinson patients operated with DBS].

The evaluation of hand dexterity is an important marker for the success of DBS (deep brain stimulation) operation in patients with Parkinson's disease. In this study we applied a simple, semiquantitative optical dental plaque staining technique for the evaluation of the hand dexterity. Ten patient with Parkinson's disease were involved in the study.

Dentofacial mini- and microesthetics as perceived by dental students: A cross-sectional multi-site study.

Background: How dental education influences students' dental and dentofacial esthetic perception has been studied for some time, given the importance of esthetics in dentistry. However, no study before has studied this question in a large sample of students from all grades of dental school. This study sought to fill that gap.

Beta-Cell-Specific Expression of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Oxidase 5 Aggravates High-Fat Diet-Induced Impairment of Islet Insulin Secretion in Mice.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases (NOX-es) produce reactive oxygen species and modulate β-cell insulin secretion. Islets of type 2 diabetic subjects present elevated expression of NOX5. Here, we sought to characterize regulation of NOX5 expression in human islets and to uncover the relevance of NOX5 in islet function using a novel mouse model expressing NOX5 in doxycycline-inducible, β-cell-specific manner (RIP/rtTA/NOX5 mice).

HO Metabolism in Normal Thyroid Cells and in Thyroid Tumorigenesis: Focus on NADPH Oxidases.

Thyroid hormone synthesis requires adequate hydrogen peroxide (HO) production that is utilized as an oxidative agent during the synthesis of thyroxin (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Thyroid HO is generated by a member of the family of NADPH oxidase enzymes (NOX-es), termed dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2). NOX/DUOX enzymes produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) as their unique enzymatic activity in a timely and spatially regulated manner and therefore, are important regulators of diverse physiological processes.

[Breast cancer: patient care, rehabilitation, psychooncology].

The development of a recommendation was intended for the follow-up of breast cancer patients treated with curative intent in Hungary. Follow-up includes the permanent contact with and health education of the patient, the surveillance and control of the adverse effects of oncological therapies or radiotherapy, the screening of metachron cancers, and the comprehensive (physical, psychological and social) rehabilitation of the patient. The early detection of local/regional tumor relapse is essential with careful follow-up, but there is no need for screening of distant metastases by means of imaging studies or tumor marker tests.

Structural and Morphometric Comparison of Lower Incisors in PACAP-Deficient and Wild-Type Mice.

Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide with widespread distribution. PACAP plays an important role in the development of the nervous system, it has a trophic and protective effect, and it is also implicated in the regulation of various physiological functions. Teeth are originated from the mesenchyme of the neural crest and the ectoderm of the first branchial arch, suggesting similarities with the development of the nervous system.

Comparison of fractionation strategies for offline two-dimensional liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis of proteins from mouse adipose tissue.

In the frame of protein identification from mouse adipose tissue, two strategies were compared for the offline elution of peptides from a strong cation exchange (SCX) column in two-dimensional liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (2D-LC-MS/MS) analyses. First, the salt gradient (using K(+) as displacing agent) was evaluated from 25 to 500mM KCl. Then, a less investigated elution mode using a pH gradient (using citric acid and ammonium hydroxide) was carried out from pH 2.

The NADPH oxidase NOX5 protects against apoptosis in ALK-positive anaplastic large-cell lymphoma cell lines.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key modulators of apoptosis and carcinogenesis. One of the important sources of ROS is NADPH oxidases (NOXs). The isoform NOX5 is highly expressed in lymphoid tissues, but it has not been detected in any common Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines.

Triple combination therapy in hypertension: the antihypertensive efficacy of treatment with perindopril, amlodipine, and indapamide SR.

Background And Objective: The blood pressure (BP) of most patients on antihypertensive monotherapy or bitherapy remains uncontrolled. Our study evaluated the efficacy of triple therapy with perindopril, amlodipine, and indapamide sustained release (SR) in patients with uncontrolled hypertension on previous antihypertensive therapy.

Methods: This 4-month, multicenter, prospective, observational, open-label study included patients switched from previous antihypertensive therapy to triple therapy with perindopril, amlodipine, and indapamide SR.

NADPH oxidase 4 deficiency reduces aquaporin-2 mRNA expression in cultured renal collecting duct principal cells via increased PDE3 and PDE4 activity.

The final control of renal water reabsorption occurs in the collecting duct (CD) and relies on regulated expression of aquaporin-2 (AQP2) in principal CD cells. AQP2 transcription is primarily induced by type 2 vasopressin receptor (V2R)-cAMP-protein kinase A (PKA) signaling but also by other factors, including TonEBP and NF-κB. NAPDH oxidase 4 (NOX4) represents a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the kidney.

Complex analysis of multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms as putative risk factors of tooth agenesis in the Hungarian population.

Objectives: The role was studied of multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms in tooth agenesis in the Hungarian population using a complex approach.

Methods: Eight SNPs, PAX9 -912 C/T, PAX9 -1031 A/G, MSX1 3755 A/G, FGFR1 T/C rs881301, IRF6 T/C rs764093, AXIN2-8150 A/G, AXIN2-8434 A/G and AXIN2-30224 C/T, were studied in 192 hypodontia and 17 oligodontia cases and in 260 healthy volunteers. Case-control analysis was performed to test both allelic and genotypic associations as well as associations at the level of haplotypes.

STAT6 promotes bi-directional modulation of PKM2 in liver and adipose inflammatory cells in rosiglitazone-treated mice.

STAT6 interacts with PPARγ to elicit macrophage polarization towards an anti-inflammatory, insulin-sensitizing phenotype. Mice deficient in STAT6 display liver lipid accumulation (hepatosteatosis). Rosiglitazone (RSG), a PPARγ agonist, ameliorates hepatosteatosis and enhances insulin sensitivity.

NADPH-oxidase 4 protects against kidney fibrosis during chronic renal injury.

NADPH oxidases synthesize reactive oxygen species that may participate in fibrosis progression. NOX4 and NOX2 are NADPH oxidases expressed in the kidneys, with the former being the major renal isoform, but their contribution to renal disease is not well understood. Here, we used the unilateral urinary obstruction model of chronic renal injury to decipher the role of these enzymes using wild-type, NOX4-, NOX2-, and NOX4/NOX2-deficient mice.

Deficiency in the NADPH oxidase 4 predisposes towards diet-induced obesity.

Objective: NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) is a reactive oxygen species (ROS) producing NADPH oxidase that regulates redox homeostasis in diverse insulin-sensitive cell types. In particular, NOX4-derived ROS is a key modulator of adipocyte differentiation and mediates insulin receptor signaling in mature adipocytes in vitro. Our study was aimed at investigating the role of NOX4 in adipose tissue differentiation, whole body metabolic homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in vivo.