Manipulating the light spectrum to increase the biomass production, physiological plasticity and nutritional quality of Eruca sativa L.

The extensive development in light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in recent years provides an opportunity to positively influence plant growth and biomass accumulation and to optimize biochemical composition and nutritional quality. This study aimed to assess how different light spectra affect the growth, photosynthesis and biochemical properties of Eruca sativa. Therefore two LED lighting modes - red:blue (RB, 1:1) and red:green:blue (RGB, 2:1:2) were compared to the conventional white light fluorescent tubes (WL).

Exploring the effects of red light night break on the defence mechanisms of tomato against fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea.

Plant infections caused by fungi lead to significant crop losses worldwide every year. This study aims to better understand the plant defence mechanisms regulated by red light, in particular, the effects of red light at night when most phytopathogens are highly infectious. Our results showed that superoxide production significantly increased immediately after red light exposure and, together with hydrogen peroxide levels, was highest at dawn after 30 min of nocturnal red-light treatment.

HSPA9/mortalin inhibition disrupts erythroid maturation through a TP53-dependent mechanism in human CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells.

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of clonal hematopoietic stem cell malignancies characterized by abnormal hematopoietic cell maturation, increased apoptosis of bone marrow cells, and anemia. They are the most common myeloid blood cancers in American adults. The full complement of gene mutations that contribute to the phenotypes or clinical symptoms in MDS is not fully understood.

Classification of preeclampsia according to molecular clusters with the goal of achieving personalized prevention.

The prevention of pre-eclampsia is difficult due to the syndromic nature and multiple underlying mechanisms of this severe complication of pregnancy. The current clinical distinction between early- and late-onset disease, although clinically useful, does not reflect the true nature and complexity of the pathologic processes leading to pre-eclampsia. The current gaps in knowledge on the heterogeneous molecular pathways of this syndrome and the lack of adequate, specific diagnostic methods are major obstacles to early screening and tailored preventive strategies.

Growth light substantially affects both primary and secondary metabolic processes in plants.

Common periwinkle ( L.) is an important medicinal plant used by the pharmaceutical industry. The present work aimed to determine the effect of low light intensity on the primary and secondary metabolic processes, using various photosynthesis and targeted and untargeted analytical techniques.

L-Aminoguanidine Induces Imbalance of ROS/RNS Homeostasis and Polyamine Catabolism of Tomato Roots after Short-Term Salt Exposure.

Polyamine (PA) catabolism mediated by amine oxidases is an important process involved in fine-tuning PA homeostasis and related mechanisms during salt stress. The significance of these amine oxidases in short-term responses to salt stress is, however, not well understood. In the present study, the effects of L-aminoguanidine (AG) on tomato roots treated with short-term salt stress induced by NaCl were studied.

Hierarchical contribution of Argonaute proteins to antiviral protection.

Antiviral RNAi is the main protective measure employed by plants in the fight against viruses. The main steps of this process have been clarified in recent years, primarily relying on the extensive genetic resources of Arabidopsis thaliana. Our knowledge of viral diseases of crops, however, is still limited, mainly due to the fact that A.

Effect of ascorbate and hydrogen peroxide on hormone and metabolite levels during post-germination growth in wheat.

The modulation of hormone and metabolite levels by ascorbate (ASA) and hydrogen peroxide (H O ) was compared during post-germination growth in shoots of wheat. Treatment with ASA resulted in a greater reduction of growth than the addition of H O . ASA also had a larger effect on the redox state of the shoot tissues as shown by the higher ASA and glutathione (GSH) levels, lower glutathione disulfide (GSSG) content and GSSG/GSH ratio compared to the H O treatment.

The role of methyl salicylate in plant growth under stress conditions.

Methyl salicylate is a volatile compound, the synthesis of which takes place via the salicylic acid pathway in plants. Both compounds can be involved in the development of systemic acquired resistance and they play their role partly independently. Salicylic acid transport has an important role in long-distance signalling, but methyl salicylate has also been suggested as a phloem-based mobile signal, which can be demethylated to form salicylic acid, inducing the de-novo synthesis of salicylic acid in distal tissue.

Improvement of Drought Tolerance by Exogenous Spermidine in Germinating Wheat ( L.) Plants Is Accompanied with Changes in Metabolite Composition.

Drought is one of the most important environmental factors reducing the yield and production of crops, including wheat. Polyamines are closely associated with plant stress tolerance. The present study investigated the mechanisms through seed germination with spermidine protecting wheat varieties from drought stress.

Light Spectral Composition Modifies Polyamine Metabolism in Young Wheat Plants.

Although light-emitting diode (LED) technology has extended the research on targeted photomorphogenic, physiological, and biochemical responses in plants, there is not enough direct information about how light affects polyamine metabolism. In this study, the effect of three spectral compositions (referred to by their most typical characteristic: blue, red, and the combination of blue and red [pink] lights) on polyamine metabolism was compared to those obtained under white light conditions at the same light intensity. Although light quality induced pronounced differences in plant morphology, pigment contents, and the expression of polyamine metabolism-related genes, endogenous polyamine levels did not differ substantially.

Mutations in Locus May Negatively Affect Frost Tolerance in Bread Wheat.

The wheat semi-dwarfing genes Rht (Reduced height) are widely distributed among the contemporary wheat varieties. These genes also exert pleiotropic effects on plant tolerance towards various abiotic stressors. In this work, frost tolerance was studied in three near-isogenic lines of the facultative variety ‘April Bearded’ (AB), carrying the wild type allele Rht-B1a (tall phenotype), and the mutant alleles Rht-B1b (semi-dwarf) and Rht-B1c (dwarf), and was further compared with the tolerance of a typical winter type variety, ‘Mv Beres’.

Far-Red Light Coordinates the Diurnal Changes in the Transcripts Related to Nitrate Reduction, Glutathione Metabolism and Antioxidant Enzymes in Barley.

Spectral quality, intensity and period of light modify many regulatory and stress signaling pathways in plants. Both nitrate and sulfate assimilations must be synchronized with photosynthesis, which ensures energy and reductants for these pathways. However, photosynthesis is also a source of reactive oxygen species, whose levels are controlled by glutathione and other antioxidants.

Role of ethylene in ER stress and the unfolded protein response in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants.

The unfolded protein response (UPR) plays a significant role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis under endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which is highly dependent on the regulation of defense-related phytohormones. In this study, the role of ethylene (ET) in ER stress and UPR was investigated in the leaves of intact tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants. Exogenous application of the ET precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid not only resulted in higher ET emission from leaves but also increased the expression of the UPR marker gene SlBiP and the transcript levels of the ER stress sensor SlIRE1, as well as the levels of SlbZIP60, after 24 h in tomato leaves.

[Endoscopic removal of a dental implant displaced into the maxillary sinus: A case presentation and a review of the literature].

Összefoglaló. Az utóbbi időben egyre gyakoribbá vált fogászati implantáció egyik nem kívánt szövődménye az arcüregbe került implantátum, amely a maxilla molaris, esetenként praemolaris régiójának implantációjakor fordulhat elő. Ennek oka lehet a kúpsugaras komputertomográfia nélküli, azaz nem megfelelő tervezés, fennálló arcüreggyulladás és -ventilációs probléma, kevés, puha csont, a fúrási vagy implantátumbehelyezési sebészi gyakorlat hiánya, észre nem vett membránperforáció arcüreg-csontfeltöltés esetén.

Methylglyoxal induces stress signaling and promotes the germination of maize at low temperature.

Maize is sensitive to cold injury, especially during germination. Since cold causes oxidative stress, compounds that promote the accumulation of free radical forms, such as the reactive aldehyde (RA) methylglyoxal (MG), may be suitable to trigger a systemic defense response. In this study, maize seeds were soaked in MG solution for one night at room temperature, before germination test at 13°C.

Polyamine Metabolism under Different Light Regimes in Wheat.

Although the relationship between polyamines and photosynthesis has been investigated at several levels, the main aim of this experiment was to test light-intensity-dependent influence of polyamine metabolism with or without exogenous polyamines. First, the effect of the duration of the daily illumination, then the effects of different light intensities (50, 250, and 500 μmol m s) on the polyamine metabolism at metabolite and gene expression levels were investigated. In the second experiment, polyamine treatments, namely putrescine, spermidine and spermine, were also applied.

The potential health risks and environmental pollution associated with the application of plant growth regulators in vegetable production in several suburban areas of Hanoi, Vietnam.

Plant growth regulators (PGRs) play a pivotal role in increasing vegetable productivity, but they have many drawbacks that can include health and safe concerns of consumers. In this study, the plant growth regulators (PGRs) contents of 111 Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.

Comparative study of salicylic acid contents in young wheat and rice plants and their anticancer activities in HepG2 and Caco-2 cells.

Some recent results reported that aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) had a positive effect on the treatment of certain types of cancer. However, the results cannot be generalized and it is not always clear whether it is a direct anticancer effect or a general health effect. Since plants produce different amounts of salicylic acid, we have sought a relationship between the salicylic acid content of some plant extracts and their anticancer activity.

Animal reservoirs of SARS-CoV-2: calculable COVID-19 risk for older adults from animal to human transmission.

The current COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the highly contagious respiratory pathogen SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), has already claimed close to three million lives. SARS-CoV-2 is a zoonotic disease: it emerged from a bat reservoir and it can infect a number of agricultural and companion animal species. SARS-CoV-2 can cause respiratory and intestinal infections, and potentially systemic multi-organ disease, in both humans and animals.

Activation of Local and Systemic Defence Responses by Flg22 Is Dependent on Daytime and Ethylene in Intact Tomato Plants.

The first line of plant defence responses against pathogens can be induced by the bacterial flg22 and can be dependent on various external and internal factors. Here, we firstly studied the effects of daytime and ethylene (ET) using () mutants in the local and systemic defence responses of intact tomato plants after flg22 treatments. Flg22 was applied in the afternoon and at night and rapid reactions were detected.

Bee Attack or Heart Attack: Kounis Syndrome.

Kounis syndrome (KS) is defined as an allergic or hypersensitivity reaction leading to coronary vasospasm and acute coronary syndrome. The inflammatory mediators released during the body's reaction to an allergen causes vasoconstriction, plaque rupture, platelet aggregation, and even thrombosis of an existing coronary stent. Over the years, many allergens including drugs, environmental exposures, and animal and insect bites have been implicated in KS.