Modified Peptide Molecules As Potential Modulators of Shelterin Protein Functions; TRF1.

In this work, we present studies on relatively new and still not well-explored potential anticancer targets which are shelterin proteins, in particular the TRF1 protein can be blocked by in silico designed "peptidomimetic" molecules. TRF1 interacts directly with the TIN2 protein, and this protein-protein interaction is crucial for the proper functioning of telomere, which could be blocked by our novel modified peptide molecules. Our chemotherapeutic approach is based on assumption that modulation of TRF1-TIN2 interaction may be more harmful for cancer cells as cancer telomeres are more fragile than in normal cells.

Relationship between Telomere Length, Genetic Variability and , , , Gene Co-Expression in the Clinicopathological Profile of Breast Cancer.

The molecular mechanisms of telomerase reverse transcriptase ( upregulation in breast cancer (BC) are complex. We compared genetic variability within and telomere length with the clinical data of patients with BC. Additionally, we assessed the expression of the , , and genes in BC patients and in BC organoids (3D cell cultures obtained from breast cancer tissues).

Comparison of different lymph node staging systems for predicting prognosis in patients with colon cancer who have undergone surgical resection.

At present, the most widely used lymph node (LN) staging system in colon cancer is number of metastatic LNs in pathological assessment (pN) from the 8th edition of the TNM American Joint Committee on Cancer/Union for International Cancer Control staging system, which considers the number of metastatic LNs, omitting the total number of dissected LNs. The aim of the present study was to compare the prognostic performance of pN with alternative LN staging systems, including LN ratio (LNR) and log odds of positive LNs (LODDS). The clinical and histopathological data of 298 patients with colon cancer who underwent elective surgical resection in a single surgical centre were analysed.

The effect of l-arginine supplementation and surgical trauma on the frequency of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and T lymphocytes in tumour and blood of colorectal cancer patients.

Purpose: l-arginine (L-arg) deficiency causes immunosuppression, but it is unknown if L-arg supplementation in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients restores immune system activity. Our objective was to investigate the effect of L-arg supplementation on the frequency of monocytic (M) and polymorphonuclear (PNM) myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs and PMN-MDSCs, respectively).

Methods: We enrolled 65 CRC patients (34 males, 31 females) aged 69 ​± ​10 years into a prospective, randomised, double-blind study.

Level of inferior mesenteric artery ligation does not affect rectal cancer treatment outcomes despite better cancer-specific survival after low ligation-randomized trial results.

Aim: In rectal cancer surgery, the problem about which of the mesenteric artery ligation variants (high or low) is more beneficial to the patient remains unsolved. Recent meta-analyses suggest that the risk of surgical complications is similar for both ligation variants. The main objective was to compare the survival time in both groups with a minimum 48 months' follow-up.

Impact of chromosome 17 centromere copy number increase on patient survival and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma.

The accurate evaluation of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status is essential for the appropriate use of targeted therapies. An increased number of chromosome 17 centromere enumeration probe (CEP17) signals may underrate fluorescence hybridization (FISH) outcomes, resulting in false-negative or a false-equivocal HER2 status assessment. The aim of the present study was to assess the frequency of CEP17 copy number increase (CNI), its effects on HER2 protein expression (and the subsequent effects on tumor cells), and the survival outcomes of patients with gastric cancer.

Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis to Increase the Sensitivity of Screening Methods for Diagnosing Cancer Cachexia in Patients with Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Currently used methods for detecting and monitoring cancer cachexia (CC) are not sensitive enough. In this field, there is a need to implement new instruments into clinical practice.

Objective: Determining the usefulness of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) for detecting and monitoring CC in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).

Ultrasound and Clinical Preoperative Characteristics for Discrimination Between Ovarian Metastatic Colorectal Cancer and Primary Ovarian Cancer: A Case-Control Study.

The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and sonographic features of ovarian metastases originating from colorectal cancer (mCRC), and to discriminate mCRC from primary ovarian cancer (OC). We conducted a multi-institutional, retrospective study of consecutive patients with ovarian mCRC who had undergone ultrasound examination using the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) terminology, with the addition of evaluating signs of necrosis and abdominal staging. A control group included patients with primary OC.

Extremely High Mortality Rate after a Successful Gastrectomy for Cancer in Older Adults.

Purpose: Poor physiological reserve for withstanding major cancer surgery in older adults is an important concern in the selection of patients for oncologic gastrectomy. The present study aimed to analyze mortality patterns among patients who underwent gastrectomy for cancer according to age groups. The primary outcomes of this study were early- and middle-term results: 30-day and 3-, 6-, 12-, and 36-month mortality rates.

The relationship between HER2 overexpression and angiogenesis in gastric cancer.

In gastric cancer, HER2 protein overexpression is considered to be conducive to the higher proliferation activity of the tumor cells. Tumor formation is associated with angiogenesis in order to secure an abundant supply of oxygen and glucose to cancer cells. The aim of the study was to assess if HER2 overexpression is related to higher microvessel density (MVD) in the tumor stroma.

Analysis of postoperative morbidity and mortality following surgery for gastric cancer. Surgeon volume as the most significant prognostic factor.

Introduction: Surgical resection is the only potentially curative modality for gastric cancer and it is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality.

Aim: To determine risk factors for postoperative morbidity and mortality following major surgery for gastric cancer.

Material And Methods: Between 1.

VEGF, Flt-1, and microvessel density in primary tumors as predictive factors of colorectal cancer prognosis.

Angiogenesis in the primary tumor is known to be necessary for tumor progression in adenocarcinomas of the colon. However, whether angiogenesis in the primary tumors of patients with colorectal cancer affects their prognosis has yet to be fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to assess the association between selected pathoclinical parameters and overall survival of resectable colorectal cancer patients with the expression of angiogenesis-promoting factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Fms-like tyrosine kinase receptor (Flt-1), and microvessel density (MVD) in the primary tumor.

Independent psychometric validation of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Endometrial Cancer Module (EORTC QLQ-EN24).

The endometrial cancer (EC)-specific Quality of Life module of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC QLQ-EN24), was developed and validated in one study. We independently validated and assessed the psychometric properties of the instrument. Two hundred and eight women with EC before surgery, during adjuvant treatment and follow-up; in three different cancer centres completed the EORTC QLQ-C30 and the EN24.

Same Quality of Life for Polish Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Mastectomy and Breast Reconstruction or Breast-Conserving Therapy.

Unlabelled: Breast cancer often requires combined oncologic treatments, the base of which is surgery. Quality of life (QoL) after each surgical procedure may influence the process of decision making among women, who qualify for multiple oncological strategies. Our knowledge about QoL in breast cancer patients is derived from comparative studies.

Medium-chain triglycerides/long-chain triglycerides versus long-chain triglycerides in treatment of cancer patients with major body mass loss. Survival in patients with refractory cachexia.

Introduction: Currently there are no established guidelines regarding the use of long-chain triglycerides (LCT) vs. medium-chain triglycerides medium-chain triglycerides (MCT)/long-chain triglycerides (LCT) in total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Severe malnutrition of patients with refractory cachexia (RC) often causes their disqualification from invasive methods of treatment thus decreasing their quality of life and survival time.

VEGF-C expression is not a prognostic factor in locally advanced colon adenocarcinoma.

Aim Of The Study: Evaluation of the relationships between increased expression of VEGF-C (vascular endothelial growth factor-C) and vessel density in the tumour-surrounding stroma, patient survival, and other conventional prognostic factors in patients with pT3-4 colon cancer.

Material And Methods: Expression of VEGF-C and vessel density were immunohistochemically assessed in 104 specimens of primary, locally advanced (pT3-4) colon adenocarcinoma after surgical resection.

Results: A significant relationship was found between the expression of VEGF-C and increased vessel density in the tumour-surrounding stroma (p = 0.

The HER2 gene and HER2 protein status and chromosome 17 polysomy in gastric cancer cells in own material.

Background: The aims of the study were to assess the expression of HER2 protein, the amplification of the HER2 gene, and the occurrence of chromosome 17 polysomy in gastric cancer cells and to analyze the relation between the results of such a determination and the selected clinicopathologic parameters in patients treated for gastric cancer.

Methods: Tissue samples of primary tumor from 83 consecutive patients who underwent gastric cancer resection were analyzed by immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

Results: A positive result of the IHC test, with a minimum score +, was obtained among 22.

Primary osteosarcoma of the breast: A case report.

Osteosarcoma (OS) located in the breast is an extremely rare, malignant neoplasm. The current study presents the diagnostic process, treatment and follow-up of a 67-year-old female with OS of the breast. The diagnosis was made according to diagnostic imaging methods and microscopic examination with additional immunohistochemical staining.

Evaluation of 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) as prognostic markers in prostate cancer.

In carcinoma of prostate, a causative role of platelet 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) for tumor progression has been firmly established in tumor and/or adjacent tissue. Our goal was to investigate if 12-LOX and/or PAI-1 in patient's plasma could be used to predict outcome of the disease. The study comprised 149 patients (age 70±9) divided into two groups: a study group with carcinoma confirmed by positive biopsy of prostate (n=116) and a reference group (n=33) with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

VEGF-C and VEGF-D overexpression is more common in left-sided and well-differentiated colon adenocarcinoma.

Tumour vessel network formation, including blood and lymph vessels, is a major step involved in the process of carcinogenesis. The discovery of vascular growth factors has led to a better understanding of tumour biology, thus, creating new possibilities for cancer treatment that targets angiogenesis within tumour-associated stroma, including therapy for colon cancer patients. The present study evaluated the relationships between increased expression of lymphangiogenic factors (VEGF-C and VEGF-D) and vessel density in the tumour-surrounding stroma, patient survival and other standard prognostic factors.

Is age a risk factor of postoperative complications in colorectal cancer?

Unlabelled: Colorectal cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm in elderly with peak of incidence in 7. and 8. decade of life.

The value of intraoperative liver ultrasound assessment using an intraabdominal probe during laparotomy performed for oncological reasons.

Unlabelled: The quality of liver assessment in an oncological patient plays an important role in the selection of a proper type of medical intervention. Diagnostic techniques commonly used in liver imaging are still far from perfect. Intraoperative liver evaluation using an intraabdominal ultrasound probe remains an important tool for proper assessment of this organ.

The concentration of 12-lipoxygenase in platelet rich plasma as an indication of cancer of the prostate.

Aim Of The Study: The aim of this study was to determine whether measuring concentrations of 12-LOX in platelet-rich plasma patients can:Differentiate between the group of patients with prostate cancer and healthy men.Correlate the degree of severity of the disease and the concentration of the enzyme.

Material And Methods: The study group comprised 88 men (40-88 years), including 54 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer.

L-carnitine and cancer cachexia. II. Effects of lipid emulsion used in total parenteral nutrition on parameters of hemostasis and inflammatory state in L-carnitine deficiency in myocytes.

Cancer cachexia (CC), a progressive loss of body mass, leads to malnutrition and deficiencies of essential substances including polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and L-carnitine (LC). The availability of these 2 compounds determines the rate of eicosanoid synthesis, which modulates inflammatory processes and hemostasis. We compared the effects of administration of emulsions containing long chain triglycerides (LCTs) relative to a 50:50 mix of medium chain triglycerides (MCTs) with LCTs on hemostasis and inflammatory reactions in patients with CC.

L-carnitine and cancer cachexia. I. L-carnitine distribution and metabolic disorders in cancer cachexia.

Cancer cachexia (CC), a progressive loss of body mass, is associated with decreased energy production. Abnormally low levels of L-carnitine (LC) in skeletal muscle means that mitochondrial β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) does not occur efficiently in patients with CC. We assessed the influence of CC on LC distribution and the effects of parenteral lipid emulsions on plasma LC levels and urinary excretion.