Limited Evidence of Functional Benefit After Upper Limb Botulinum Toxin Treatment in Children With Cerebral Palsy: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials aimed to summarize the reported functional effects of upper limb botulinum toxin treatment in children with spastic cerebral palsy.

Design: Six databases were searched in October 2022. Two independent authors screened and extracted data on upper limb function, body function, life quality, muscle tone, spasticity, goals, pain, adverse events, and client satisfaction.

Establishment and Characterization of Patient-Derived Oral Cancer Organoids.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common form of head and neck cancer. The current standard for treating primary OSCC is surgical resection combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Despite improved therapeutic strategies, OSCC has high rates of metastasis and mortality, with one in two patients dying of the disease.

Spermidine Enhances Mitochondrial Bioenergetics in Young and Aged Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neurons.

The accumulation of damaged mitochondria has long been considered a hallmark of the aging process. Among various factors, age-related mitochondrial alterations comprise bioenergetic impairments and disturbances in reactive oxygen species (ROS) control, thereby negatively affecting mitochondrial performance and ultimately accelerating aging. Previous studies have revealed that polyamine spermidine appears to exert health-protective and lifespan-promoting effects.

Grey Wolf () Recolonization in Hungary: Does the Predation Risk Affect the Red Deer () Population?

The populations and distribution areas of large carnivores have declined all over the world due to extirpation and habitat alteration and degradation. However, the grey wolf () has recovered in Europe in recent decades and has been reappearing in Hungary since the 1990s. Since the dominant prey of this carnivore is the red deer () and the wild boar () in Central and Eastern Europe, we aimed to study the impact of wolves on local deer populations.

Stimulation of Piezo1 mechanosensitive channels inhibits adipogenesis in thyroid eye disease.

Context: Increased orbital tissue volume due to matrix expansion, orbital fibroblast (OF) proliferation and adipocyte differentiation are the hallmarks of thyroid eye disease (TED). Their combination with the presence of hyaluronan-bound excess water in the constrains of the bony orbit results in increased intraorbital pressure. High intraorbital pressure, along with changes in the mechanical properties of orbital tissues, may lead to the activation of mechanosensitive receptors.

The Immunoregulatory Architecture of the Adult Oral Cavity.

The oral cavity is a critical barrier with immunosurveillance capabilities. A detailed understanding of its cellular, molecular, and spatial architecture is essential for advancing precision medicine across aerodigestive tissues. Here, we present the first integrated atlas of human adult oral and craniofacial tissues, derived from single-cell RNA sequencing of ~250,000 cells from 70 samples across 13 niches, including salivary glands and oral mucosae.

The first analysis of a multicentre paediatric supracondylar humerus fracture (SCHF) registry by fracture type.

Introduction: Supracondylar humerus fractures (SCHFs) represent a significant segment of paediatric bone injuries, posing unique challenges due to their potential for severe complications. This study aims to provide a detailed analysis of the surgically treated SCHF cases recorded in our registry.

Materials And Methods: Prospectively collected data from seven institutes were retrospectively analysed using the Hungarian SCHF Registry, with data about surgically treated paediatric patients with SCHFs.

Individualised Positive End-Expiratory Pressure Settings Reduce the Incidence of Postoperative Pulmonary Complications: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Progressive atelectasis regularly occurs during general anaesthesia; hence, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is often applied. Individualised PEEP titration may reduce the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) and improve oxygenation as compared to fixed PEEP settings; however, evidence is lacking. This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021282228).

Securing Rare Earth Permanent Magnet Needs for Sustainable Energy Initiatives.

Rare earth permanent magnets are vital in various sectors, including renewable energy conversion, where they are widely used in permanent magnet generators. However, the global supply and availability of these materials present significant risks, and their mining and processing have raised serious environmental concerns. This paper reviews the necessary legislative, economic, and technological measures that must be implemented to address these issues.

Double-Layered Electrospun Nanofiber Filter for the Simultaneous Removal of Urea and Ammonium from Blood.

A major challenge in the development of wearable artificial kidneys (WAKs) lies in the efficient removal of urea, which is found at an extremely high concentration in the blood of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Urease is an enzyme that hydrolyzes urea. While it can efficiently remove urea, toxic ammonium is produced as a byproduct.

: a microsimulation modelling study projects the clinical and economic burden of chronic kidney disease in Hungary.

Objectives: The programme implemented a microsimulation modelling approach to project the clinical and economic burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) between 2024 and 2027 in Hungary.

Methods: Using the peer-reviewed microsimulation, a virtual Hungarian population was generated that was derived from national records, local demographic data and published epidemiological data. These inputs defined the likelihood of a change in health state for each individual as they progressed through the model in annual increments.

Anti-Müllerian Hormone Level Determinants among Non-Polycystic-Ovary-Syndrome Women Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.

: The anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a crucial biomarker in regulating ovarian follicle development and female fertility. AMH levels predict ovarian responses in in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles, helping clinicians tailor treatment strategies. This study aims to determine whether thyroid autoimmunity, age, body mass index (BMI), sexual hormone levels, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels influence serum AMH in non-polycystic-ovary-syndrome (PCOS) euthyroid women.

Predictive Performance of Cardiovascular Risk Scores in Cancer Survivors From the UK Biobank.

Background: Cardiovascular preventive strategies are guided by risk scores with unknown validity in cancer cohorts.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive performance of 7 established cardiovascular risk scores in cancer survivors from the UK Biobank.

Methods: The predictive performance of QRISK3, Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation 2 (SCORE2)/Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation for Older Persons (SCORE-OP), Framingham Risk Score, Pooled Cohort equations to Prevent Heart Failure (PCP-HF), CHARGE-AF, QStroke, and CHADS-VASc was calculated in participants with and without a history of cancer.

Intracellular Trafficking Defects in Congenital Intestinal and Hepatic Diseases.

Enterocytes and liver cells fulfill important metabolic and barrier functions and are responsible for crucial vectorial secretive and absorptive processes. To date, genetic diseases affecting metabolic enzymes or transmembrane transporters in the intestine and the liver are better comprehended than mutations affecting intracellular trafficking. In this review, we explore the emerging knowledge on intracellular trafficking defects and their clinical manifestations in both the intestine and the liver.

Discrimination against Roma women during childbirth? Unraveling the underlying effects of ethnic and socio-economic factors.

Objective: This study aims to identify discrimination in maternity care experienced by Roma women in Hungary, due to ethnic and socio-economic factors.

Methods: We used data from the Cohort'18 Hungarian Birth Cohort Study, covering births in 2018-2019 (n = 7805). Face-to-face interviews were conducted by health visitors during pregnancy and six months postpartum.

Ventricular volume asymmetry as a novel imaging biomarker for disease discrimination and outcome prediction.

Aims: Disruption of the predictable symmetry of the healthy heart may be an indicator of cardiovascular risk. This study defines the population distribution of ventricular asymmetry and its relationships across a range of prevalent and incident cardiorespiratory diseases.

Methods And Results: The analysis includes 44 796 UK Biobank participants (average age 64.

Impacts of large-scale deployment of vertical bifacial photovoltaics on European electricity market dynamics.

Self-sufficiency, climate change and increasing geopolitical risks have driven energy policies to make renewable energy sources dominant in the power production portfolios. The initial boom in the mid-2000s of global photovoltaic installations demonstrated the feasibility of the ambitious renewable energy targets. However, this rapid scale-up has introduced challenges, including price volatility and system integration issues.

Access to Treatment for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the Americas: A Call for Action. A Joint Perspective from the Brazilian Thoracic Society, Canadian Thoracic Society, Latin American Thoracic Society, and the American Thoracic Society.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major public health problem in the Americas (a region of the world comprising North, Central, and South America), although there is substantial variation in disease prevalence, morbidity, and mortality between and within nations. Across the Americas, COPD disproportionately affects vulnerable populations, including minoritized populations and impoverished persons, who are more likely to be exposed to risk factors such as tobacco use, air pollution, infections such as tuberculosis, and biomass smoke, but less likely to have adequate healthcare access. Management of COPD can be challenging across the Americas, with some barriers being specific to certain countries and others shared across the United States, Canada, and Latin America.

Assessment of Vitamin D Status in Primary Hyperparathyroidism Patients: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), a condition that manifests in various clinical forms, is a significant health concern. Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism (NPHPT) is characterized by normal calcemia despite elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. Vitamin D deficiency can contribute to the clinical spectrum and complexity of NPHPT.

Correction: Otgontamir et al. Assessing Changes in the Distribution Patterns of the European Wildcat in Hungary. 2024, , 785.

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Adrenal Mass and Hypokalaemia: The Zebra Among Horses.

Pheochromocytoma rarely presents with unexplained hypokalaemia, although there are some case reports in the literature. The mechanism behind this could be the increased cellular potassium uptake promoted by beta-2-adrenoreceptor hyperactivation and insulin resistance. We present the case of a 68-year-old hypertensive female patient with a unilateral adrenal mass discovered on angio-CT and typical signs of adrenergic hyperstimulation (hypertensive crisis, headache, and sweating) associated with multiple arrhythmic episodes but with normal plasma and urinary catecholamine levels.

Clinical impact of novel cardiovascular magnetic resonance technology on patients with congenital heart disease: a scientific statement of the Association for European Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging of the European Society of Cardiology.

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is recommended in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) in clinical practice guidelines as the imaging standard for a large variety of diseases. As CMR is evolving, novel techniques are becoming available. Some of them are already used clinically, whereas others still need further evaluation.