Wearable Sensors as a Preoperative Assessment Tool: A Review.

Surgery is a common first-line treatment for many types of disease, including cancer. Mortality rates after general elective surgery have seen significant decreases whilst postoperative complications remain a frequent occurrence. Preoperative assessment tools are used to support patient risk stratification but do not always provide a precise and accessible assessment.

Frontline Health Care Workers' Mental Health and Well-Being During the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Analysis of Interviews and Social Media Data.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has shed light on fractures in health care systems worldwide and continues to have a significant impact, particularly in relation to the health care workforce. Frontline staff have been exposed to unprecedented strain, and delivering care during the pandemic has affected their safety, mental health, and well-being.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the experiences of health care workers (HCWs) delivering care in the United Kingdom during the COVID-19 pandemic to understand their well-being needs, experiences, and strategies used to maintain well-being (at individual and organizational levels).

Estimating postoperative mortality in colorectal surgery- a systematic review of risk prediction models.

Purpose: Risk prediction models are frequently used to support decision-making in colorectal surgery but can be inaccurate. Machine learning (ML) is becoming increasingly popular, and its application may increase predictive accuracy. We compared conventional risk prediction models for postoperative mortality (based on regression analysis) with ML models to determine the benefit of the latter approach.

Lung cancer symptom appraisal, help-seeking and diagnosis - rapid systematic review of differences between patients with and without a smoking history.

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the world. A significant minority of lung cancer patients have never smoked (14% in the UK, and ranging from 10% to 25% worldwide). Current evidence suggests that never-smokers encounter delays during the diagnostic pathway, yet it is unclear how their experiences and reasons for delayed diagnoses differ from those of current and former smokers.

Mental health and well-being of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK: contrasting guidelines with experiences in practice.

Background: Substantial evidence has highlighted the importance of considering the mental health of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, and several organisations have issued guidelines with recommendations. However, the definition of well-being and the evidence base behind such guidelines remain unclear.

Aims: The aims of the study are to assess the applicability of well-being guidelines in practice, identify unaddressed healthcare workers' needs and provide recommendations for supporting front-line staff during the current and future pandemics.

Perceptions and experiences of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has set unprecedented demand on the healthcare workforce around the world. The UK has been one of the most affected countries in Europe. The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions and experiences of healthcare workers (HCWs) in relation to COVID-19 and care delivery models implemented to deal with the pandemic in the UK.

Normal CD4 T-cell receptor repertoire in tonsillar tissue despite perturbed repertoire in peripheral blood in HIV-1 infected individuals.

Objective: To compare the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire of T-cell subsets in peripheral blood and lymphoid tissue from HIV-1 infected individuals.

Design: Biopsies of tonsillar tissue and samples of peripheral blood were obtained from 10, mostly treatment-naive, HIV-1-infected individuals. CD4 and CD8 T-cell subsets were quantified, the TCR repertoire was analysed within 'naive' and 'memory' subsets, and results compared between identical subsets in tonsillar tissue and blood.

Molecular analysis of the complementarity determining region 3 of the human T cell receptor beta chain. Establishment of a reference panel of CDR3 lengths from phytohaemagglutinin activated lymphocytes.

The T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire of a lymphocyte population may be characterized by the distribution of lengths of the hypervariable fragment known as the complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3). Immunological activity leading to clonal predominance will result in an over-representation of given CDR3 lengths and a distortion of the CDR3 length distribution. CDR3 length distribution may be studied by the in vitro amplification of TCRB cDNA followed by gel electrophoresis of the resulting product.

Management of acute head injuries in a Norwegian county--effects of introducing CT scanning in a local hospital.

Introducing a new diagnostic tool, a CT scanner, in a county hospital resulted in a marked redistribution of the handling of acute/severe head injuries. Before the introduction of the CT scanner, a substantial number of these patients were referred to the regional neurosurgical unit. After having acquired its own scanner, the county hospital took over most of the diagnostic and therapeutic tasks concerning acute head injuries, surgery inclusive.