Lipid structure-dependent CD1d functional stabilization and immunomodulation of endogenous glucosylceramides.

Newly developed synthetic methods for monoglycosylceramides enabled representative brain glycolipid synthesis. Immunomodulatory activities of the glycolipids were examined CD1d and Mincle. CD1d strongly bound endogenous GlcCer with longer unsaturated fatty acids (, C24:1), partly inhibiting other antigens and stabilizing CD1d's immunological role in presenting lipid antigens to NKT cells.

Panniculitis of the Lower Extremities Caused by Acute Deterioration of Autoimmune Pancreatitis.

A 73-year-old female with type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) presented with painful erythema on her lower extremities and elevated serum pancreatic enzyme levels. Her CT images revealed focal enlargement of the pancreatic tail with an increased density of the surrounding fatty tissue. Based on serum and CT findings, she was diagnosed as having acute deterioration of AIP.

Eleven new metabolites of fluvoxamine detected in the solid tissues and body fluids obtained from a deceased overdosed with fluvoxamine in vivo, and the metabolites in the human liver microsomes in vitro using LC-HR-MS/MS.

Purpose: Fluvoxamine (FLV) has been used widely as an antidepressant agent belonging to the group of second-generation selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. However, only one work on the human metabolism of FLV was reported in 1983, examining a human urine specimen, and tentatively identified nine metabolites. Therefore, in the present work, the metabolites of FLV were examined in the liver, bile, and urine from a human cadaver, and the metabolites produced in the human liver microsomes (HLMs) in vitro were also examined.

Sebaceous Carcinoma of the Breast in a Japanese Male with a Pathogenic Variant: Report of an Exceedingly Rare Case and Review of the Literature.

Introduction: Sebaceous carcinoma (SC) is a malignant neoplasm differentiated from the mature sebocyte and occurs mainly in the periorbital area. However, SC of the breast is extremely rare. We report a case of sebaceous breast carcinoma in a Japanese man with a pathogenic variant.

Safety and effectiveness of intravenous abatacept for polyarticular-course juvenile idiopathic arthritis: An all-case postmarketing surveillance study.

Background: In 2018, intravenous abatacept was approved for the treatment of refractory polyarticular-course juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in Japan. However, reports describing the effectiveness and safety of abatacept in clinical practice in Japanese patients with refractory polyarticular-course JIA are limited. Therefore, this postmarketing surveillance study aimed to evaluate the real-world safety and effectiveness of abatacept in Japanese pediatric patients with refractory polyarticular-course JIA.

Comparative microRNA signatures based on liquid biopsy to identify lymph node metastasis in T1 colorectal cancer patients undergoing upfront surgery or endoscopic resection.

After endoscopic resection of T1 colorectal cancer (CRC) with a high risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM), additional surgery is required. However, the actual frequency of LNM based on conventional risk factors is less than 16%. There is a need for biomarkers to identify T1 CRC carrying a high risk of metastasis to avoid unnecessary radical surgery.

Survey of healthcare professionals' awareness of appearance care for Japanese cancer patients and their institutions' appearance care systems: report from the Japan Society of Clinical Oncology.

Background: Appearance care enables cancer patients to maintain social connections during treatment, but it remains an unmet need in Japan. We surveyed healthcare professionals in Japan to collect information on their awareness of appearance care and their institutions' appearance care systems.

Methods: From November 1 to December 13, 2022, we performed an online survey of 16,838 members of the Japan Society of Clinical Oncology.

Triple coaxial microcatheter for preoperative transcatheter arterial embolization in bone and soft tissue tumors.

Background: Preoperative transcatheter arterial embolization (P-TAE) is a procedure designed to reduce intraoperative blood loss (IBL) and support the performance of surgery for bone and soft tissue tumors (BSTT).

Purpose: To develop a new P-TAE technique using a triaxial microcatheter system (TMCS) that maintains normal tissue circulation while embolizing only the feeding artery of BSTT and to investigate the safety and efficacy of P-TAE with TMCS.

Material And Methods: A total of 34 cases of BSTT in the whole body (25 men, nine women; mean age = 74.

[A Case of Breast Cancer with Cancerous Skin Ulcer Successfully Treated with Mohs Hydrophilic Cream].

Mohs' hydrophilic cream is a formulation with improved convenience by changing the base material of the conventional Mohs' paste to a hydrophilic cream. We report a case in which Mohs' hydrophilic cream was effective in treating bleeding from breast cancer with cancerous skin ulcers. The patient was a 68-year-old woman.

Simulating phase inversion processes by coupled map lattice: Toward the theoretical design of food texture and quality in dairy processing from fresh cream to butter via whipped cream.

We present a theoretical model and simulation for the formation dynamics of diverse texture patterns that emerge spontaneously or self-organize during phase inversion processes of fresh cream by mechanical whipping. The results suggest that the model should be applied for theoretically designing the texture and quality of whipped cream and butter products. The modeling complexity in phase inversion processes, from fresh cream via whipped cream to butter, was overcome by using a well-established complex systems approach, the coupled map lattice (CML).

Efficacy and safety of dose-dense chemotherapy for early-stage breast cancer under prophylactic pegfilgrastim administration: a systematic review and meta-analysis from clinical practice guidelines for the use of G-CSF 2022.

Background: In early-stage breast cancer, dose-dense chemotherapy, which involves the administration of standard doses at shorter intervals, is safer when administered with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) to mitigate chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. This study aimed to thoroughly evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of dose-dense regimens based on the use of G-CSF.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to the "Minds Handbook for Clinical Practice Guideline Development" using PubMed, Ichushi-Web, and the Cochrane Library databases.

Characteristics and Outcomes of Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Accidental Hypothermia: A Multicenter Study in Japan.

Despite growing evidence supporting the efficacy of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) for accidental hypothermia (AH), few studies have assessed its real-world application. We aimed to describe the use and outcomes of VA-ECMO in AH patients using data from a multicenter registry. This retrospective study included adult AH patients from the Japanese accidental hypothermia network registry (J-Point registry) between April 2011 and March 2016.

Spontaneous adsorption of iridium chloride complex on oxychloride photocatalysts provides efficient and durable reaction site for water oxidation.

The visible-light-driven O evolution on oxychloride photocatalysts, such as BiNbOCl, was significantly enhanced by stirring in an aqueous solution containing IrCl in the dark. Various characterizations indicated that highly dispersed IrOHCl-like species spontaneously formed on the oxychloride surface, serving as effective and stable cocatalysts for enhancing O evolution.

Spatial accuracy of dose delivery significantly impacts the planning target volume margin in linear accelerator-based intracranial stereotactic radiosurgery.

The impact of three-dimensional (3D) dose delivery accuracy of C-arm linacs on the planning target volume (PTV) margin was evaluated for non-coplanar intracranial stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). A multi-institutional 3D starshot test using beams from seven directions was conducted at 22 clinics using Varian and Elekta linacs with X-ray CT-based polymer gel dosimeters. Variability in dose delivery accuracy was observed, with the distance between the imaging isocenter and each beam exceeding 1 mm at one institution for Varian and nine institutions for Elekta.

Biomarkers associated with progression of infantile hemangioma: Exploratory study.

To identify patients with infantile hemangioma (IH) in need of early-stage treatment in this multicenter, prospective, observational study, we investigated the potential of plasma cytokines as a clinically useful marker. Plasma samples were collected at three time points from 41 patients with infantile hemangioma: baseline (days 14-60 after delivery), visit 1 (days 61-150, the proliferative phase), and visit 2 (days 151-395, the involuting phase). With a twofold or more increase in tumor volume during the baseline-visit 1 period regarded as progression, progression was seen in 15 cases (36.

Association Between Early Mobilization and Postoperative Pneumonia Following Robot-assisted Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy in Patients with Thoracic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Objective: The objective of this study was to confirm that early mobilization (EM) could reduce pneumonia in patients undergoing robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) for thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (TESCC).

Methods: Postoperative pneumonia was defined as physician-diagnosed pneumonia using the Esophagectomy Complications Consensus Group definition of pneumonia with a Clavien-Dindo classification grade II-V on postoperative day (POD) 3-5. EM was defined as achieving an ICU Mobility Scale (IMS) ≥7 by POD 2.

Incorporating Multimodal Directional Interpersonal Synchrony into Empathetic Response Generation.

This study investigates how interpersonal (speaker-partner) synchrony contributes to empathetic response generation in communication scenarios. To perform this investigation, we propose a model that incorporates multimodal directional (positive and negative) interpersonal synchrony, operationalized using the cosine similarity measure, into empathetic response generation. We evaluate how incorporating specific synchrony affects the generated responses at the language and empathy levels.

C-type natriuretic peptide suppresses VEGFa gene expression by attenuating IL6-STAT3 signal pathway in primary synovial fibroblasts from rat knee.

C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) can be a new disease-modifying anti-osteoarthritis drug (DMOAD) candidate because intraarticular injection of CNP attenuates both articular cartilage degradation and persistent pain in a rat knee arthritis model. This study aimed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms by which CNP protects the knee joint from osteoarthritic changes. Gene expression analyses indicated that CNP did not interfere with the expression of IL1β -responsive genes in rat primary synovial fibroblasts or the monocytic cell line, RAW264.

Discovery of Evolutionary Loss of the Ubiquitin-like Autophagy-Related ATG12 System in a Lineage of Apicomplexa.

The autophagy-related ubiquitin-like conjugation systems, the ATG8 and ATG12 systems, are universally conserved in eukaryotes. However, the covalent bond in the ATG12 system has recently been shown to be evolutionarily lost in Apicomplexa. Here, we show that all genes associated with the ATG12 system are absent in piroplasmida, a lineage within Apicomplexa.

Impact of Swallowing Assessment Using the Hyodo-Komagane Score on the Severity of Dysphagia and Medical Staff Workload.

Background: The goal of dysphagia treatment is to ensure a safe and effective reduction in both dysphagia severity and medical staff workload.

Objective: To investigate the correlation of the Hyodo-Komagane score with dysphagia severity and medical staff workload.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 96 patients who were referred from other departments for swallowing evaluation from January to April 2021.

Organization of the chromosomal passenger complex clusters at inner centromeres in mitosis.

Stable transmission of the genome during cell division is crucial for all life forms and is universally achieved by Aurora B-mediated error correction of the kinetochore-microtubule attachments. Aurora B is the enzymatic subunit of the tetrameric protein complex called the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), and its centromeric enrichment is required for Aurora B to ensure accurate chromosome segregation. How cells enrich the CPC at centromeres is therefore an outstanding question to be elucidated.

Changes in swallowing response on patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancer.

Purpose: Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for head and neck cancer (HNC) often causes dysphagia. The risk of dysphagia increases during CRT tends to become more severe after finishing CRT, and persists for a few weeks thereafter. Thus, understanding the changes in swallowing physiology during and immediately after CRT is essential.

Morphology-Based Risk Analysis of Catheter-related Thrombus After Pediatric Cardiac Surgery.

Background: Understanding the development of central venous catheter-related thrombus (CVCRT) is vital for the prevention of adverse events caused by thrombi after cardiac surgery in children. However, the risks associated with CVCRT remain controversial. This study analyzed the risk factors of CVCRT based on a detailed evaluation of its morphometric features and severity.

Multiple myeloma-associated non-crystalline proximal tubulopathy and crystalline cast nephropathy: Biochemical and structural features of disease-causing monoclonal kappa light chains.

Various tubular diseases in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) are caused by monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains (LCs). However, the physicochemical characteristics of the disease-causing LCs contributing to the onset of MM-associated tubular diseases remain unclear. We herein report a rare case of MM-associated combined tubulopathies: non-crystalline light chain proximal tubulopathy (LCPT) and crystalline light chain cast nephropathy (LCCN).

Treatment outcomes and prognostic factors in patients with colorectal cancer and synchronous lung metastases in the conversion therapy era.

Purpose: The Japanese Grade Classification based on the status of pulmonary and mesenteric nodal metastases and the presence of extrapulmonary metastases had a prognostic value in patients with colorectal lung metastases previously. Because the survival of such patients has improved in the era of conversion therapy, this classification needs to be reaudited.

Methods: This study reviewed the treatment sequences of 126 colorectal cancer patients with synchronous lung metastases between 2010 and 2022 at our hospital.