In Vitro Efficacy of Isobutyl Cyanoacrylate Nanoparticles against Fish Bacterial Pathogens and Selection Preference by Rainbow Trout ().

The upsurge in havoc being wreaked by antibiotic-resistant bacteria has led to an urgent need for efficacious alternatives to antibiotics. This study assessed the antibacterial efficacy of two isobutyl cyanoacrylate nanoparticles (iBCA-NPs), D6O and NP30, against major bacterial pathogens of fish. In vivo tests on rainbow trout were preceded by in vitro tests of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC).

Draft Genome Sequence of Flavobacterium psychrophilum Strain KTEN-1510 with Genotype A/G-C, Isolated from an Ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis) in the Kagami River, Kochi, Japan.

In this paper, we describe the draft genome sequence of Flavobacterium psychrophilum strain KTEN-1510, with genotype A/G-C. This strain was isolated in October 2015 from the gills of an ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis) in the upper Kagami River in central Kochi Prefecture on Shikoku Island, Japan.

Draft Genome Sequence of Erythromycin- and Oxytetracycline-Sensitive Nocardia seriolae Strain U-1 (NBRC 110359).

In Japan, the emergence of macrolide- and oxytetracycline-resistant strains of Nocardia seriolae has previously been reported. Here, we describe the draft genome sequence of N. seriolae strain U-1, isolated in 2011 from a diseased yellowtail in Kagoshima Prefecture.

Draft Genome Sequence of Nocardia seriolae Strain N-2927 (NBRC 110360), Isolated as the Causal Agent of Nocardiosis of Yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) in Kochi Prefecture, Japan.

We report the draft genome sequence of Nocardia seriolae strain N-2927 (NBRC 110360), isolated from cultured yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata. RAST annotation of the genome revealed 117 genes involved in the virulence, disease, and defense subsystem. Eleven of these genes were predicted as antibiotic resistance genes.

Prevalence and characteristics of Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) infection in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) inhabiting three rivers in Kochi Prefecture, Japan.

Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) causes lethal disease in common and koi carp. Mortality by CyHV-3 disease has not been reported since 2011 in Kochi Prefecture, Japan. Here, we detected and quantified CyHV-3 in common carp inhabiting three rivers in the prefecture to examine if the carp are carriers of CyHV-3 as a source of infection.

Draft Genome Sequences of Two Genetic Variant Strains of Edwardsiella piscicida, JF1305 and RSB1309, Isolated from Olive Flounder (Paralichythys olivaceus) and Red Sea Bream (Pagrus major) Cultured in Japan, Respectively.

Edwardsiella piscicida is a new species discovered within the group of organisms traditionally classified as Edwardsiella tarda. We present draft genome sequences of two variant strains of E. piscicida, JF1305 and RSB1309.

Draft Genome Sequence of Streptococcus parauberis Strain SK-417, Isolated from Diseased Sebastes ventricosus in Kagoshima, Japan.

Streptococcus parauberis strain SK-417 was isolated from the brain of a diseased Sebastes ventricosus, collected from an aquaculture farm in April 2013 in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. The draft genome sequence, obtained with a 454 GS Junior sequencing system, consists of 33 large contigs of >500 bp, totaling 1,958,836 bp, and has a G+C content of 35.4%.

Molecular cytogenetic analysis of the scleractinian coral Acropora solitaryensis Veron & Wallace 1984.

We performed a molecular cytogenetic investigation of the scleractinian coral Acropora solitaryensis, which is dominant in the temperate region of Japan (30-35°N). Molecular cytogenetic analysis, using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), was carried out for karyotyping and gene mapping. We propose the karyotype of this coral (2n = 30) based on C-banding and FISH analyses.

Genotypic characteristics of a Mycobacterium sp. isolated from yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata and striped jack Pseudocaranx dentex in Japan.

In Japan, a Mycobacterium marinum-like mycobacterium was isolated from the yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata. The species was identified as M. marinum by a commercial mycobacterial DNA-DNA hybridization kit.

Protection of red sea bream Pagrus major against red sea bream iridovirus infection by vaccination with a recombinant viral protein.

Megalocytivirus infections cause serious mass mortality in marine fish in East and Southeast Asian countries. In this study the immunogenicity of crude subunit vaccines against infection by the Megalocytivirus RSIV was investigated. Three capsid proteins, 18R, 351R and a major capsid protein, were selected for use as crude subunit vaccines.

Phenotypic diversity of infectious red sea bream iridovirus isolates from cultured fish in Japan.

Megalocytivirus is causing economically serious mass mortality by infecting fish in and around the Pacific region of Asia. The recent emergence of many new iridoviruses has drawn attention to the marked taxonomic variation within this virus family. Most studies of these viruses have not included extensive study of these emergent species.

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase of Edwardsiella tarda has protective antigenicity against Vibrio anguillarum in Japanese flounder.

Edwardsiella tarda glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) may be an effective vaccine candidate against infection by E. tarda in Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. The GAPDH of E.

Isolation and characterization of virulent yellowtail ascites virus.

Yellowtail ascites virus (YTAV) is the causative agent of ascites and deformity in fish and causes serious losses to the fish-farming industry of yellowtail fry and fingerling Seriola quinqueradiata in Japan. In 2006, cultured yellowtail died from ascites in Kochi, Japan. We isolated and characterized a virus from the diseased fish.

Characterization of a new fibroblast cell line from a tail fin of red sea bream, Pagrus major, and phylogenetic relationships of a recent RSIV isolate in Japan.

Red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV) is a causative agent of red sea bream iridoviral disease (RSIVD) in marine fish species in Japan. Fibroblast cells were developed from a tail fin of red sea bream, Pagrus major, and then underwent single cell cloning. The successful cloned cells were named CRF-1 cells.

Stationary phase culture supernatant containing membrane vesicles induced immunity to rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss fry syndrome.

Flavobacterium psychrophilum is the causative agent of bacterial cold water disease (BCWD) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry syndrome (RTFS). Logarithmic phase formalin-killed cells (FKC) of F. psychrophilum induced immunity to BCWD in ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis) by using an oral administration.

Experimental bath infection with Flavobacterium psychrophilum, inducing typical signs of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss fry syndrome.

Flavobacterium psychrophilum infection in salmonid fish, known as rainbow trout fry syndrome (RTFS) or bacterial coldwater disease (BCWD), is widespread in fish farms and natural waters. Despite many studies in which attempts at infection were made, an adequate method of infection has not yet been established. In this study, we evaluated a bath infection method in which we used bacteria at different stages of growth in the infection of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss.

[Interaction mechanism of marine birnavirus (MABV) in fish cell lines].

Marine birnavirus (MABV) is a member of the genus Aquabirnavirus of the family Birnaviridae. MABV is an unenveloped icosahedral virus about 60 nm in diameter with two genomes of double-stranded RNA. MABV adsorbed not only onto the cell surfaces of susceptible (CHSE-214 and RSBK-2) cells but also onto resistant (FHM and EPC) cells.

Vaccine efficacy of recombinant GAPDH of Edwardsiella tarda against Edwardsiellosis.

Thirty-seven kilodalton glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) of Edwardsiella tarda was suggested to be an effective vaccine candidate against E. tarda infection in previous research. For developing a vaccine, obtaining GAPDH in large quantities is necessary.

Quantification of aquabirnaviruses isolated from different host species by real-time RT-PCR.

Real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR was developed to detect and quantify successfully aquatic birnaviruses (ABVs) from fish tissue and seawater samples. This method detected marine birnavirus (MABV) RNA in several samples, and the detection was specific for ABVs. Monitoring the MABV strain Y-6 RNA quantification by real-time RT-PCR showed replication kinetics of MABV after experimental infection in vitro.

Frequent occurrence of apoptosis is not associated with pathogenic infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) during persistent infection.

Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), a member of the genus Aquabirnavirus and family Birnaviridae, is an unenveloped icosahedral virus with two segments of double-stranded RNA. IPNV causes acute infection in salmonid fry and fingerlings with high mortality. However, this mortality is low as the age increases and survivors become IPNV-carrier fish.

A conserved 37 kDa outer membrane protein of Edwardsiella tarda is an effective vaccine candidate.

An effective vaccine against Edwardsiella tarda has not been reported, one of main reasons is the variation in its serotypes. This study aimed to develop an effective vaccine against different serotypes of E. tarda.

Morphological changes contribute to apoptotic cell death and are affected by caspase-3 and caspase-6 inhibitors during red sea bream iridovirus permissive replication.

Red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV) of the Iridoviridae family is a causative agent of lethal infections in many cultured marine fish species in southwestern Japan. RSIV-induced apoptosis was divided as follows: (1). cell shrinkage and rounding at the early apoptotic stage, (2).

Efficacy of oral vaccine against bacterial coldwater disease in ayu Plecoglossus altivelis.

The development of a practical vaccination method against bacterial coldwater disease (BCWD) in ayu Plecoglossus altivelis and the efficacy of oral administration of formalin-killed cells (FKCs) of Flavobacterium psychrophilum was investigated. The FKC was administrated at a dose of 0.1-0.

Early interactions of marine birnavirus infection in several fish cell lines.

Marine birnavirus (MABV), a member of the genus Aquabirnavirus, family Birnaviridae, is an unenveloped icosahedral virus with two genomes of double-stranded RNA. The mechanisms of MABV adsorption and penetration are still undetermined. This work examined MABV infection in susceptible and resistant fish cell lines.

Adherence of Flavobacterium psychrophilum on the body surface of the ayu Plecoglossus altivelis.

Bacterial cold water disease in the ayu Plecoglossus altivelis caused by Flavobacterium psychrophilum is a serious problem in the Japanese freshwater culture industry. The distribution and activity of this bacterium on the body surface of the ayu in the infection process was investigated. The survival of F.