Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common condition that affects the lifestyle of patients. It is associated with significant changes in the composition of the gut microbiome, but the underlying microbial mechanisms remain to be fully understood. We study the fecal microbiome of patients with constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C) and mixed-type IBS (IBS-M).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the development of diseases is clear, but the specific mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the microbiome aberrations in the guts of mice against the background of LPS, as well as the anti-inflammatory effect of probiotic supplementation with from the gut, a mix of commercial probiotic lactic acid bacteria, and isolated from milk using next-generation sequencing. LPS injections were found to induce inflammatory changes in the intestinal mucosa.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aim: Mastitis is recognized as the most common disease in cattle and causes economic losses in the dairy industry. A number of opportunistic bacterial taxa have been identified as causative agents for this disease. Conventionally, antibiotics are used to treat mastitis; however, most bacteria are resistant to the majority of antibiotics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmerging evidence suggests that the reproductive tract microbiota is a key modulator of local inflammatory and immune pathways throughout pregnancy and may subsequently impact pregnancy outcomes. In this study, our objective was to analyze the cervical and vaginal microbiomes during early pregnancy among three groups: women with healthy ongoing pregnancies, women undergoing dydrogesterone treatment, and those who experienced miscarriages. The experiment involved 51 women at 8-11 weeks of gestation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiarrhea in piglets is one of the most common diseases leading to high mortality and, as a result, to economic losses. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was performed on the DNBSEQ-G50, MGI system to study the role of the fecal microbiome in the development of diarrhea in newborn piglets. Analysis of the study data showed that the composition of the fecal microbiome at the level of bacteria and fungi did not differ in piglets with diarrhea from the healthy group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe gut microbiome is one of the main factors affecting human health. It has been proven that probiotics can regulate the metabolism in the host body. A large number of people use probiotics not as medicines, but as a prophylactic supplement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: It is known that the features of the cervicovaginal microbiome can depend on ethnicity, which might be caused by genetic factors, as well as differences in diet and lifestyle. There is no research on the cervicovaginal microbiome of Eastern European women during early pregnancy.
Methods: We evaluated the cervical and cervicovaginal microbiome of women with first-trimester pregnancy ( = 22), further delivered at term, using the sequencing method.
Miscarriage is one of the main causes of reproductive loss, which can lead to a number of physical and psychological complications and other long-term consequences. However, the role of vaginal and uterine microbiome in such complications is poorly understood. To review the published data on the function of the female reproductive tract microbiome in the pathogenesis of early miscarriages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh-throughput sequencing has made it possible to extensively study the human gut microbiota. The links between the human gut microbiome and ethnicity, religion, and race remain rather poorly understood. In this review, data on the relationship between gut microbiota composition and the nationality of people and their religion were generalized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObesity is a problem of modern health care that causes the occurrence of many concomitant diseases: arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular diseases. New strategies for the treatment and prevention of obesity are being developed that are based on using probiotics for modulation of the gut microbiota. Our study aimed to evaluate the bacterial composition of the gut of obese patients before and after two weeks of lactic acid bacteria (, , , and ) intake.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProbiotics are living microorganisms that provide numerous health benefits for their host. Probiotics have various effects on the body; for example, they change gut microbiota, improve the integrity of the epithelial barrier and have anti-inflammatory effects. The use of probiotic supplements that are based on lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria is one of the approaches that are used to balance gut microflora.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlants hold all records in longevity. Their aging is a complex process. In the presented review, we analyzed published data on various aspects of plant aging with focus on any inferences that could shed a light on aging in animals and help to fight it in human.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDetermining the taxonomic composition of microbial consortia of the piglet intestine is of great importance for pig production. However, knowledge on the variety of the intestinal microbiome in newborn piglets is limited. Piglet diarrhea is a serious gastrointestinal disease with a high morbidity and mortality that causes great economic damage to the pig industry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiabetes mellitus and related complications are among the most important problems of the world-leading healthcare systems. Despite their priority, molecular and genetic aspects of diabetes pathogenesis are poorly understood; however, the involvement of oxidative stress in this process is undoubted. Rats with experimental diabetes induced by the intraperitoneal injection of alloxan were subjected to the antioxidant pre-therapy with a series of mitochondria-targeted 10-(6'-plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium (SkQ1) injections and analyzed for the expression of mRNAs and microRNAs by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to identify potential predictors of diabetes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMastitis is the most common disease for cattle, causing great economic losses for the global dairy industry. Recent studies indicate the multi-agent and microbiome diversity of this disease. To understand the nature of mastitis and investigate the role of the microbiome in the development of pathologies in the udder of bovines, we performed NGS sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene of cow's milk with pathologies of the udder.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe population of bumble bees and other pollinators has considerably declined worldwide, probably, due to the toxic effect of pesticides used in agriculture. Inexpensive and available antidotes can be one of the solutions for the problem of pesticide toxicity for pollinators. We studied the properties of the thiazine dye Methylene blue (MB) as an antidote against the toxic action of pesticides in the bumble bee mitochondria and found that MB stimulated mitochondrial respiration mediated by Complex I of the electron transport chain (ETC) and increased respiration of the mitochondria treated with mitochondria-targeted (chlorfenapyr, hydramethylnon, pyridaben, tolfenpyrad, and fenazaquin) and non-mitochondrial (deltamethrin, metribuzin, and penconazole) pesticides.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUlcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disease that affects the colon and rectum. Recently, evidence has emerged about the influence of microbiota on the development of this disease. However, studies on the role of intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of UC have been incomplete.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant mitochondrial respiration involves the operation of various alternative pathways. These pathways participate, both directly and indirectly, in the maintenance of mitochondrial functions though they do not contribute to energy production, being uncoupled from the generation of an electrochemical gradient across the mitochondrial membrane and thus from ATP production. Recent findings suggest that uncoupled respiration is involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) scavenging, regulation, and homeostasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn recent years, methylene blue (MB) has attracted considerable interest as a potential drug for the treatment of methemoglobinemia and neurodegenerative diseases. MB is active against microorganisms from various taxonomic groups. However, no studies have yet been conducted on the effect of MB on the intestinal microbiome of model animals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBumblebees are important for crop pollination. Currently, the number of pollinators is decreasing worldwide, which is attributed mostly to the widespread use of pesticides. The aim of this work was to develop a method for assessing the genotoxicity of pesticides for the Bombus terrestris L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrobial contamination of dairy products with a high fat content (e.g., butter) has been studied insufficiently.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn recent years, the number of pollinators in the world has significantly decreased. A possible reason for this is the toxic effects of agrochemicals reducing the immunity of insects that leads to their increased susceptibility to pathogens. is a dangerous entomopathogenic fungus, afflicting both honeybees and bumblebees.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Insect Biochem Physiol
September 2019
Honey bees Apis mellifera L. are one of the most studied insect species due to their economic importance. The interest in studying honey bees chiefly stems from the recent rapid decrease in their world population, which has become a problem of food security.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethylene blue (MB) is a promising compound with a broad range of neuroprotective activity. One of therapeutic effects is the activation of mitochondrial biogenesis via Nrf2/ARE signaling cascade. Probably, mild oxidative stress caused by MB-depended H2O2 production is a trigger for activation of this signaling cascade.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood spoilage and its contamination with yeast and mold is a serious problem of food industry. Despite the high fat content, mayonnaise is an attractive substrate for food spoilage microorganisms. The aim of this study was to develop a method for yeast identification in mayonnaise and to test commercially available mayonnaises for the presence of these contaminating microorganisms.
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