Aneurysmal bone cyst of the lumbar spine.

An aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a benign, locally proliferative vascular disorder of non-neoplastic osseous lesions in children and young adults. Seventy-five percent of ABCs occur before the age of 20 years. They comprise 1.

Is there an ideal shunt? A panoramic view of 110 years in CSF diversions and shunt systems used for the treatment of hydrocephalus: from historical events to current trends.

Object: The goal of this study is to evaluate whether an "ideal shunt" exists.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis based on original papers in the field of Hydrocephalus and Shunts. Patients of all age groups, who had hydrocephalus, and underwent some form of CSF diversion were included.

Isolated skull base primary Ewing's sarcoma: an extremely rare location.

A 16-year-old boy presented with history of headache and blurring of distant vision. He had UMN facial paresis and papilledema. Imaging revealed a heterogenous space occupying lesion in the middle cranial fossa base with mass effect and midline shift and non homogenous contrast enhancement with erosion of the petrous bone.

Management of pediatric colloid cysts of anterior third ventricle: A review of five cases.

Object: Colloid cysts are congenital benign lesions, associated with more aggressive clinical and radiological picture in children than in adults. We present our experience in management of five pediatric patients with colloid cyst of the anterior third ventricle. They have an excellent chance of surgical cure, or they can be devastating and even fatal, if not recognized on time and treated.

Theories of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and hydrocephalus: historical trend.

According to the CSF bulk flow theory, hydrocephalus is caused by an imbalance between CSF formation and absorption, or a block at various locations in the major CSF pathway. New theories, however, have been proposed in which minor CSF pathways may play a significant role in the development of congenital hydrocephalus. The authors review major contributions to the literature and analyze the evolution of theories of CSF dynamics in relation to hydrocephalus, dividing their development into 4 stages on the basis of historical trends.

Primary intrasellar schwannoma.

Intracranial schwannomas commonly arise from the eighth cranial nerve in the cerebellopontine angle. Schwannoma arising in the sella and extending into the suprasellar region is very rare and is easily mistaken for pituitary adenoma. To our knowledge, there have been only 12 previous reports.

Primary spinal intradural extramedullary lymphoma causing cauda equina syndrome.

We report a case of lumbar intradural extramedullary lesion in an 11-year-old boy who presented with cauda equina syndrome and acute bladder disturbance. He underwent emergency surgical resection of the lesion, which was proved to be a lymphoma by histopathology and immunohistochemistry. He has improved neurologically and after 1 year, he is leading a normal life with near normal neurological functions.

Management outcome of the transcallosal, transforaminal approach to colloid cysts of the anterior third ventricle: an analysis of 78 cases.

Background: Colloid cysts are not common brain lesions and account for 0.2-2.0% of all brain lesions.

Multiple burr hole surgery as a treatment modality for pediatric moyamoya disease.

Objective: To re-emphasize that indirect revascularization surgery alone, where multiple burr holes and arachnoid openings are made over both cerebral hemispheres, is beneficial in the treatment of moyamoya disease (MMD) in children.

Clinical Presentation: We report a 10-year-old boy who presented with complaints of episodic headache for the last 5 years. At the peak of his headache he had visual disturbances and acute onset weakness of left-sided limbs, recovering within a few minutes.

Malignant Course of a Metastatic Melanoma During Pregnancy: A Case Report.

Cutaneous melanoma can metastasize to any organ, including brain and spinal cord. A 27-year-old lady, four months after conception presented with generalized seizures and was diagnosed to have subarachnoid hemorrhage. Further investigation did not reveal aneurysm.

Intracranial Rosai Dorfman Disease: report of three cases and literature review.

Background: Rosai-Dorfman Disease (RDD) is a rare idiopathic non-neoplastic histioproliferative disease characterized clinically by massive painless cervical lymphadenopathy, fever and weight loss. Extranodal involvement has also been recognized. Central nervous system (CNS) manifestations are extremely rare and patients with intracranial involvement usually present with clinical and radiological findings suggestive of a meningioma.

Intracranial epithelioid hemangioendothelioma.

Introduction: Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is an uncommon soft-tissue vascular neoplasm. Although a well-defined entity outside the neuraxis, its intracranial occurrence is rare. Literature review revealed 35 reported cases till date.

Exophytic choroid plexus papilloma of the fourth ventricle presenting with cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: a case report.

Background: Choroid plexus papillomas are rare benign neoplasms that arise from the ventricular choroid plexus and are considered to be of ependymal origin. They are slow-growing lesions, are commonly associated with hydrocephalus, and are prone to hemorrhage spontaneously. Most of them are located in the posterior fossa in adults, the fourth ventricle being the most common location.