An Implementation Evaluation of the Smartphone-Enhanced Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (SEVIA) Program for Cervical Cancer Prevention in Urban and Rural Tanzania.

Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) for cervical cancer screening (CCS) in lower-resource settings; however, quality varies widely, and it is difficult to maintain a well-trained cadre of providers. The Smartphone-Enhanced Visual Inspection with Acetic acid (SEVIA) program was designed to offer secure sharing of cervical images and real-time supportive supervision to health care workers, in order to improve the quality and accuracy of visual assessment of the cervix for treatment. The purpose of this evaluation was to document early learnings from patients, providers, and higher-level program stakeholders, on barriers and enablers to program implementation.

Ceragenin-coated endotracheal tubes for the reduction of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a prospective, longitudinal, cross-over, interrupted time, implementation study protocol (CEASE VAP study).

Background: Critically ill patients are at high risk of acquiring ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), which occurs in approximately 20% of mechanically ventilated patients. VAP results either from aspiration of pathogen-contaminated oropharyngeal secretions or contaminated biofilms that form on endotracheal tubes (ETTs) after intubation. VAP results in increased duration of mechanical ventilation, increased intensive care unit and hospital length of stay, increased risk of death and increased healthcare costs.

Risk factors for postpartum maternal mortality and hospital readmission in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.

Background: In low- and middle-income countries, approximately two thirds of maternal deaths occur in the postpartum period. Yet, care for women beyond 24 h after discharge is limited. The objective of this systematic review is to summarize current evidence on socio-demographic and clinical risk factors for (1) postpartum mortality and (2) postpartum hospital readmission.

A longitudinal seroepidemiology study to evaluate antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 virus infection and vaccination in children in Calgary, Canada from July 2020 to April 2022: Alberta COVID-19 Childhood Cohort (AB3C) Study.

Background: Measurement of SARS-CoV-2 antibody seropositivity is important to accurately understand exposure to infection and/or vaccination in specific populations. This study aimed to estimate the serologic response to SARS-CoV-2 virus infection and vaccination in children in Calgary, Alberta over a two-year period.

Methods: Children with or without prior SARS-CoV-2 infections, were enrolled in Calgary, Canada in 2020.

Medial orbitofrontal cortical regulation of different aspects of Pavlovian and instrumental reward seeking.

Rationale: The medial subregion of the orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) is thought to play an important role representing the expected outcome of a given course of action, as lesioning or inactivating this cortical region results in the adoption of choice strategies based more on observable (rather than previously learned) information. Despite this, its role in mediating basic associative learning remains to be fully clarified.

Objective: The present series of experiments examined the role of the mOFC in (1) Pavlovian conditioned approach, (2) conditioned reinforcement, (3) extinction, and (4) cue-induced reinstatement of food-seeking behavior.

Determining the level of cervical radiculopathy: Agreement between visual inspection of pain drawings and magnetic resonance imaging.

Background And Aims: Pain drawings are commonly used in the clinical assessment of people with cervical radiculopathy. This study aimed to assess (1) the agreement of clinical interpretation of pain drawings and MRI findings in identifying the affected level of cervical radiculopathy, (2) the agreement of these predictions based on the pain drawing among four clinicians from two different professions (i.e.

Effectiveness of hospital avoidance interventions among elderly patients: A systematic review.

Objective: Older patients with complex care needs and limited personal and social resources are heavy users of emergency department (ED) services and are often admitted when they present to the ED. Updated information is needed regarding the most effective strategies to appropriately avoid ED presentation and hospital admission among older patients.

Methods: This systematic review aimed to identify interventions that have demonstrated effectiveness in decreasing ED use and hospital admissions in older patients.

Effects of topical treatment of cannabidiol extract in a unique manuka factor 5 manuka honey carrier on second intention wound healing on equine distal limb wounds: a preliminary study.

Objective: Evaluate the effect of topical 1% cannabidiol on second intention wound healing in distal limb wounds of horses.

Design: Experimental.

Animals: Six Standardbred horses.

Pilot study to quantify the time to clear dexamethasone from plasma and urine of adult horses following a single nebulisation.

Objective: To quantify the time to clear dexamethasone from plasma and urine of horses following a single nebulisation.

Design: Experimental using six Standardbred mares.

Methods: Dexamethasone sodium phosphate (0.

Fluorescent functionalised naphthalimides and their Au(i)-NHC complexes for potential use in cellular bioimaging.

A series of cationic, dihydroimidazolinium-functionalized 1,8-naphthalimide fluorophores have been isolated as their hexafluorophosphate salts, [HL]PF. These pro-ligands react with [AuCl(tht)] in the presence of base to form N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes, [AuCl(L)]. Two X-ray structures represent a pro-ligand and complex pairing: the latter reveals the two-coordinate linear geometry of the NHC-Au(i) species, as well as intermolecular interactions supported by both ligand π-π stacking and a weak aurophilic interaction of 3.

Identification of validated case definitions for medical conditions used in primary care electronic medical record databases: a systematic review.

Objectives: Data derived from primary care electronic medical records (EMRs) are being used for research and surveillance. Case definitions are required to identify patients with specific conditions in EMR data with a degree of accuracy. The purpose of this study is to identify and provide a summary of case definitions that have been validated in primary care EMR data.

Identification of validated case definitions for chronic disease using electronic medical records: a systematic review protocol.

Background: Primary care electronic medical record (EMR) data are being used for research, surveillance, and clinical monitoring. To broaden the reach and usability of EMR data, case definitions must be specified to identify and characterize important chronic conditions. The purpose of this study is to identify all case definitions for a set of chronic conditions that have been tested and validated in primary care EMR and EMR-linked data.

Removal of Dental Biofilms with an Ultrasonically Activated Water Stream.

Acidogenic bacteria within dental plaque biofilms are the causative agents of caries. Consequently, maintenance of a healthy oral environment with efficient biofilm removal strategies is important to limit caries, as well as halt progression to gingivitis and periodontitis. Recently, a novel cleaning device has been described using an ultrasonically activated stream (UAS) to generate a cavitation cloud of bubbles in a freely flowing water stream that has demonstrated the capacity to be effective at biofilm removal.

Fluorescent rhenium-naphthalimide conjugates as cellular imaging agents.

A range of biologically compatible, fluorescent rhenium-naphthalimide conjugates, based upon the rhenium fac-tricarbonyl core, has been synthesized. The fluorescent ligands are based upon a N-functionalized, 4-amino-derived 1,8-naphthalimide core and incorporate a dipicolyl amine binding unit to chelate Re(I); the structural variations accord to the nature of the alkylated imide with ethyl ester glycine (L(1)), 3-propanol (L(2)), diethylene glycol (L(3)), and benzyl alcohol (L(4)) variants. The species are fluorescent in the visible region between 505 and 537 nm through a naphthalimide-localized intramolecular charge transfer, with corresponding fluorescent lifetimes of up to 9.

Purification of overexpressed gam gene protein from bacteriophage Mu by denaturation-renaturation techniques and a study of its DNA-binding properties.

Recombinant Mu gam gene protein (Mu GAM) synthesized in Escherichia coli accumulates in the form of insoluble inclusion bodies which, after cell lysis and low-speed centrifugation, can be recovered in the pellet fraction. This property was utilized in a purification procedure for Mu GAM based on guanidine hydrochloride denaturation-renaturation followed by a single DEAE-cellulose chromatographic step. The purified Mu GAM was shown by nitrocellulose-filter-binding experiments to bind with high affinity to linear double-stranded DNA and more weakly to supercoiled and single-stranded forms.

Identification of the bacteriophage Mu kil gene.

The kil gene encoded in bacteriophage Mu DNA was previously shown to reside between the end of the B gene at 4.3 kb and the EcoRI site at 5.1 kb from the left end.

Localization of the gam gene of bacteriophage mu and characterisation of the gene product.

Using cloning techniques in conjunction with an in vitro assay for activity of the gam-coded protein (pgam), the gam gene has been located on a 930-bp fragment immediately to the right of an AccI site situated 5.75 kb from the left-hand end of the phage Mu genome. An analysis of the properties of pgam obtained from an overproducing clone indicates that it is a non-specific DNA-binding protein which interacts with linear duplex plasmid DNA having a variety of different termini and confers protection against exonuclease action (Gam function).