Surgery for Olecranon Fractures in the Elderly (SOFIE): Results of the SOFIE Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The financial and resource burden of management of olecranon fractures in the elderly is likely to increase with an aging population. There is limited evidence guiding treatment choice in this cohort. This study aimed to determine whether operative treatment of displaced olecranon fractures in elderly patients provides superior 12-month functional outcomes compared to nonoperative treatment.

Trends in the surgical management of proximal humerus fractures over the last 20 years from Australian registry databases.

Background: Proximal humerus fractures (PHF) are common with approximately 30% requiring surgical intervention. This ranges from open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) to shoulder arthroplasty (including hemiarthroplasty, total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA), reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA)). The aim of this study was to assess trends in operative interventions for PHF in an Australian population.

Lumbar intervertebral disc replacement in Australia: An epidemiological study.

Introduction: Favorable short- and long-term outcomes have been reported for lumbar intervertebral total disc replacement (L-TDR). However, there is little evidence regarding the uptake of L-TDR in practice. The objective of this study was to analyze Australian-based population trends in L-TDR over the past 5 years.

Effect of insurance type on Management of Vancouver B Periprosthetic Fractures: length of stay, discharge destination and cost implications.

Background: To assess the effect of private versus public insurance on hospital length of stay, discharge destination, and costs in managing Vancouver B periprosthetic femoral fractures (PFF).

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of PFF patients operatively managed at five public trauma centers. The primary outcome was hospital length of stay.

Targeted Muscle Reinnervation Compared to Standard Peripheral Nerve Management Following Amputation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Chronic pain remains a significant challenge for individuals following limb amputation, with incidence of painful neuromas, phantom limb pain (PLP), and residual limb pain (RLP). Targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) is a surgical technique designed to restore motor control information lost during amputation by redirecting residual nerves to new muscle targets. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to compare patient-reported and functional outcomes following amputation with either TMR or standard neurological treatment (SNT).

Rising rates of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in Australian adults: An analysis of Australian Medicare Benefits Schedule database.

Purpose: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is an evolving field, though there remains sparse epidemiological data on the treatment of ACL ruptures. The objective of this study is to analyse the trends in the rate of ACL reconstruction (ACLR) in adult patients over the past two decades in the Australian population.

Methods: The incidence of ACLR between 2001 and 2020 in patients 15 years and over was analysed using the Australian Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) database.

Examining the role of ChatGPT in the management of distal radius fractures: insights into its accuracy and consistency.

Background: The optimal management of distal radius fractures remains a challenge for orthopaedic surgeons. The emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Large Language Models (LLMs), especially ChatGPT, affords significant potential in improving healthcare and research. This study aims to assess the accuracy and consistency of ChatGPT's knowledge in managing distal radius fractures, with a focus on its capability to provide information for patients and assist in the decision-making processes of orthopaedic clinicians.

Evaluating the native oxide of titanium as an electrocatalyst for oxalic acid reduction.

Herein, we show that unmodified titanium electrodes bearing the naturally-forming native TiO coating display superior activity for the electroreduction of oxalic acid to glyoxylic acid and glycolic acid compared to Ti-based electrodes that have been deliberately modified for this purpose, in terms of both oxalic acid conversion and overall yields of reduced products.

Trends in the use of ankle arthrodesis and total ankle replacements in Australia over the past 20 years.

Background: End stage ankle osteoarthritis (OA) is debilitating. Surgical management consists of either ankle arthrodesis (AA) or a total ankle replacement (TAR). The purpose of this study is to assess the trends in operative intervention for end stage ankle OA in an Australian population.

Trends in Pediatric Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Australia: An Analysis of Australian Medicare Benefits Schedule Database From 2001 to 2020.

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common and increasingly prevalent in the pediatric population. However, there remain sparse epidemiological data on the surgical treatment of these injuries. The objective of this study is to assess the trends in the rate of pediatric ACL reconstruction in Australia over the past 2 decades.

Enhanced ultrasonic degradation of methylene blue using a catalyst-free dual-frequency treatment.

Methylene blue is one of the most common pollutants found in wastewater, primarily due to its widespread use in the dye industry. Consequently, it is imperative to explore environmentally friendly and efficient methods for degrading this pollutant into non-toxic byproducts. While ultrasonic degradation methods in combination with additives or catalysts have proven effective, such additives or catalysts may inadvertently contribute to secondary pollution.

Retraction: Synthesis of a chiral dinuclear Cu(II)-benzothiazolamine complex: evidence of cuprophilic interaction in its structure and exploration of its electrochemical properties and catalytic performance.

Retraction of 'Synthesis of a chiral dinuclear Cu(II)-benzothiazolamine complex: evidence of cuprophilic interaction in its structure and exploration of its electrochemical properties and catalytic performance' by O. Stephen Ojo , , 2024, https://doi.org/10.

Acute metformin induces hyperglycemia in healthy adult mourning doves, Zenaida macroura.

Birds have the highest blood glucose among vertebrates. Several mechanisms may explain this including the lack of a functional insulin-responsive glucose transport protein, high glucagon concentrations, and reliance on lipid oxidation resulting in the production of gluconeogenic precursors. The hypothesis was that interruption of gluconeogenesis using the diabetes medication metformin would lower glucose concentrations in wild-caught birds.

Assessing Challenges of 2D-Molybdenum Ditelluride for Efficient Hydrogen Generation in a Full-Scale Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Water Electrolyzer.

Proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolyzers are critical enablers for sustainable green hydrogen production due to their high efficiency. However, nonplatinum catalysts are rarely evaluated under actual electrolyzer operating conditions, limiting knowledge of their feasibility for H production at scale. In this work, metallic 1T'-MoTe films were synthesized on carbon cloth supports via chemical vapor deposition and tested as cathodes in PEM electrolysis.

Outcomes following reverse total shoulder arthroplasty vs operative fixation for proximal humerus fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Proximal humerus fractures are common in the older population. A consensus on the optimal management of complex fractures requiring surgery has yet to be reached. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to compare clinical outcomes between reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) and open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF).

Synthesis of a chiral dinuclear Cu(II)-benzothiazolamine complex: evidence of cuprophilic interaction in its structure and exploration of its electrochemical properties and catalytic performance.

The synthesis of a chiral dinuclear [Cu(OAc)(L1)] complex (A) and its analogues Cu(OAc)(L1) (B), Cu(OAc)(L1)PPh (C), CuBr(L1)PPh (D), and Cu(OAc)(L2) (E) is described. The X-ray structure of A reveals a cuprophilic interaction (2.65 Å) and shows that L1 behaves as a monodentate ligand.

Setbacks in the quest for universal health coverage in Mexico: polarised politics, policy upheaval, and pandemic disruption.

2023 marks the 20-year anniversary of the creation of Mexico's System of Social Protection for Health and the Seguro Popular, a model for the global quest to achieve universal health coverage through health system reform. We analyse the success and challenges after 2012, the consequences of reform ageing, and the unique coincidence of systemic reorganisation during the COVID-19 pandemic to identify strategies for health system disaster preparedness. We document that population health and financial protection improved as the Seguro Popular aged, despite erosion of the budget and absent needed reforms.

Fractal Design of Hierarchical PtPd with Enhanced Exposed Surface Atoms for Highly Catalytic Activity and Stability.

Hierarchical assembly of arc-like fractal nanostructures not only has its unique self-similarity feature for stability enhancement but also possesses the structural advantages of highly exposed surface-active sites for activity enhancement, remaining a great challenge for high-performance metallic nanocatalyst design. Herein, we report a facile strategy to synthesize a novel arc-like hierarchical fractal structure of PtPd bimetallic nanoparticles (h-PtPd) by using pyridinium-type ionic liquids as the structure-directing agent. Growth mechanisms of the arc-like nanostructured PtPd nanoparticles have been fully studied, and precise control of the particle sizes and pore sizes has been achieved.

Rate of Infection and Causative Organisms in a Lateral Approach Total Ankle Replacement.

Background: Although the rate of both superficial and deep infection in total ankle replacement (TAR) can reach up to 13% as reported in the literature, there is little information on the causative organisms, especially in laterally implanted prosthesis. This study aims to identify organisms causing infections to ultimately guide to better antibiotic prophylaxis.

Methods: Between September 2016 and April 2021, we retrospectively reviewed patients who had an infection after a lateral TAR.

Trends in management of adult tarsometatarsal joint injuries in a contemporary Australian context: a nationwide study of claims data over 20 years.

Background: Traumatic tarsometatarsal joint (TMTJ) injuries are uncommon, but can cause significant morbidity due to delayed or missed diagnosis. Recent evidence highlights the importance of achieving anatomical reduction via operative management. This study aims to analyse trends in rates of open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) for Lisfranc injuries in Australia according to Nationwide claims data.

Surgical management of clavicle fractures in Australia: an analysis of Australian Medicare Benefits Schedule database from 2001 to 2020.

Background: There is no consensus on the optimal management of clavicle fractures, with advocates of both operative and non-operative management. The objective of this study is to assess the trends in the management of clavicle fractures in Australia over the past two decades.

Methods: The incidence of surgical fixation of clavicle fractures from 2001 to 2020 was analysed using the Australian Medicare Benefits Schedule database, reflective of operations performed on privately insured patients, thus excluding public patients and compensable cases.

Highly Selective Electrocatalytic Reduction of Substituted Nitrobenzenes to Their Aniline Derivatives Using a Polyoxometalate Redox Mediator.

Anilines and substituted anilines are used on the multi-ton scale for producing polymers, pharmaceuticals, dyes, and other important compounds. Typically, these anilines are produced from their corresponding nitrobenzene precursors by reaction with hydrogen at high temperatures. However, this route suffers from a number of drawbacks, including the requirement to handle hydrogen gas, rather harsh reaction conditions that lead to a lack of selectivity and/or toleration of certain functional groups, and questionable environmental sustainability.

The impact of COVID-19 on spinal cord injuries and trauma at a tertiary referral centre in Sydney.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has yielded far-reaching consequences for individual health systems as well as society. Although several studies have investigated epidemiological trends due to the pandemic-associated restrictions in patients requiring surgery for general surgical, trauma and orthopaedic aetiologies, there has been no assessment of the impact on spinal trauma and surgery in Australia. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine these changes at an Australian level one tertiary referral spinal cord injury (SCI) centre.