Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI), including its subfields of machine learning and deep learning, is a branch of computer science and engineering focused on creating machines capable of tasks requiring human-like intelligence, such as visual perception, decision-making, and natural language processing. AI applications have become increasingly prevalent in dental medicine, generating high expectations as well as raising ethical and practical concerns.
Methods: This critical review evaluates the current applications of AI in dentistry, identifying key perspectives, challenges, and limitations in ongoing AI research.
Background: The current review's goal is to examine, with a critical eye, the effect of various biomedical parameters on orthodontic tooth movement in an attempt to provide the reader with related mechanisms of this issue focusing on certain key points.
Methods: This critical review was conducted using the following keywords in the search strategy: "biomedical molecules", "biomarkers", "orthodontics", "orthodontic tooth movement", "acceleration", "gene therapy", and "stem cells". Cochrane Library, Medline (PubMed), and Scopus were the databases that were used for the electronic search.