Polyethylene Glycols Stimulate Ca Signaling, Cytokine Production, and the Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps.

Purpose: Given the increased use of polyethylene glycol (PEG) in refining the therapeutic activity of medicines, our research focuses on explaining the potential mechanism of immune reactions associated with this polymer. We aim to investigate the interaction of different types of PEG with mouse and human immune cells, thereby contributing to understanding PEG interactions with the immune system and verifying the proinflammatory activity of the tested polymers.

Patients And Methods: Mouse macrophage and neutrophil cell lines, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and polymorphonuclear cells isolated from healthy donors were exposed to various PEGs.

Recommendations of the Polish Sexological Society on medical care in transgender adults - position statement of the expert panel.

Attempts at unifying the diagnostic and therapeutic procedures for transgender individuals experiencing gender dysphoria were first undertaken in Poland in the 1980s. Since then, there has been a change in the perception of transgenderism, almost paradigmatic, expressed in subsequent editions of the diagnostic systems (DSM, ICD), which is also associated with the fundamental changes in the principles of conducting trans-specific healthcare. This triggered the need to formulate recommendations for specialists practicing in Poland, which would at least partly reflect the evolution of views and guidelines on clinical care in transgender adults seeking help due to gender dysphoria.

[Dispute over the multiple personality disorder: theoretical or practical dilemma?].

Dissociative identity disorder (DID) could also be referred to as multiple personality disorder (MPD). Due to rare occurrence and difficulty in its' identification it is infrequently diagnosed in Poland. The indicated disorder has been portrayed by the authors throughout the historical context, referring to initial 18th century's references concerning dissociation.