Surgical treatment for renal masses in the elderly: analysis of oncological, surgical and functional outcomes.

Purpose: Radical treatment in elderly patients with renal tumor remains debatable due to uncertainties regarding the risk of surgical complications, risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and survival benefit. The aim of the study was to assess outcomes of radical treatment for renal cancer in elderly patients.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective analysis enrolled 507 consecutive patients treated with partial or radical nephrectomy due to renal mass.

Anaesthesia of the posterior urethra and pain reduction during cystoscopy - a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Standard intra-urethral instillation of anaesthetic gel may not sufficiently exclude pain perception during cystoscopy.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of the anaesthesia within the posterior urethra on pain intensity related to cystoscopy in men.

Material And Methods: One hundred and twenty-seven men undergoing cystoscopy were prospectively enrolled in the study.