Human papillomavirus infection and cervical cytology in women screened for cervical cancer in the United States, 2003-2005.

Background: Millions of women in the United States receive cervical screening in sexually transmitted disease (STD), family planning, and primary care clinical settings.

Objective: To inform current cervical screening programs.

Design: Measurement of abnormal Papanicolaou (Pap) tests and high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among demographically diverse women who received routine cervical screening from January 2003 to December 2005 in the United States.

Predictive value of clinical diagnostic codes for the CDC case definition of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID): implications for surveillance.

Background: Reporting of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) from private providers could be incomplete because of time and staff constraints, lack of knowledge of reporting requirements and of case definitions. Reporting burden can be alleviated with the use of administrative data.

Goal: The goal of this study was to determine the validity of clinical diagnostic codes assigned in electronic medical records (EMR) for identifying PID and their use in enhancing surveillance.