Cattle grazing management affects soil microbial diversity and community network complexity in the Northern Great Plains.

Soil microbial communities play a vital role in the biogeochemical cycling and ecological functioning of grassland, but may be affected by common land uses such as cattle grazing. Changes in microbial diversity and network complexity can affect key ecosystem functions such as nutrient cycling. However, it is not well known how microbial diversity and network complexity respond to grazing in the Northern Great Plains.

Timing and duration of access mat use impacts their mitigation of compaction effects from industrial traffic.

Grasslands are declining worldwide and are often impacted by industrial activities, including infrastructure development. Current best management practices for low-disturbance development on grasslands include the use of wooden access mats as temporary work platforms and roadways to mitigate soil compaction and rutting due to heavy traffic. We assessed the impacts of heavy traffic (TON), and the impacts of the same heavy equipment driven over top of access mats (AM), on soil physical, hydrological, and nutrient responses in sandy and loamy soils in the Dry Mixedgrass prairies over a 2-year period.

Carbon and hydrogen isotopes of n-alkanes in soils reconstructed after mining disturbance.

Ecosystem reconstruction after mining disturbance is a challenge considering the multitude of factors that affect soil formation and revegetation. In the boreal forest of western Canada, peat material is often used as the organic amendment for land reclamation to upland forest. Carbon and water dynamics of peat-dominated ecosystems differ from natural upland forest soils.

Extraction and Analysis of Microbial Phospholipid Fatty Acids in Soils.

Phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) are key components of microbial cell membranes. The analysis of PLFAs extracted from soils can provide information about the overall structure of terrestrial microbial communities. PLFA profiling has been extensively used in a range of ecosystems as a biological index of overall soil quality, and as a quantitative indicator of soil response to land management and other environmental stressors.

Understory Plant Community Composition Is Associated with Fine-Scale Above- and Below-Ground Resource Heterogeneity in Mature Lodgepole Pine (Pinus contorta) Forests.

Understory plant communities play critical ecological roles in forest ecosystems. Both above- and below-ground ecosystem properties and processes influence these communities but relatively little is known about such effects at fine (i.e.

Tracking stable isotope enrichment in tree seedlings with solid-state NMR spectroscopy.

Enriching plant tissues with (13)C and (15)N isotopes has provided long-lasting, non-reactive tracers to quantify rates of terrestrial elemental fluxes (e.g., soil organic matter decomposition).

Biodegradation of naphthenic acids by rhizosphere microorganisms.

Naphthenic acids are components of most petroleums, including those found in the Athabasca Oil Sands of northeastern Alberta. Some naphthenic acids that are solubilized during bitumen extraction from oil sands are acutely toxic to a variety of organisms. Four-month enrichment cultures obtained from the rhizospheres of five plant species native to Alberta, and established with the addition of bitumen (0.

Comparative analysis of cellulose preparation techniques for use with 13C, 14C, AND 18O isotopic measurements.

A number of operationally defined methods exist for pretreating plant tissues in order to measure C, N, and O isotopes. Because these isotope measurements are used to infer information about environmental conditions that existed at the time of tissue growth, it is important that these pretreatments remove compounds that may have exchanged isotopes or have been synthesized after the original formation of these tissues. In stable isotope studies, many pretreatment methods focus on isolating "cellulose" from the bulk tissue sample because cellulose does not exchange C and O isotopes after original synthesis.