Management of Hemorrhoidal Disease in Special Conditions: A Word of Caution.

Background: Hemorrhoids are a common disease that is often considered an easy problem to solve. Unfortunately, some particular clinical conditions, including Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD), pregnancy, immunosuppression, coagulopathy, cirrhosis with portal hypertension, and proctitis after radiotherapy, challenge hemorrhoids management and the outcomes.

Methods: Research and online contents related to hemorrhoids' treatment in special conditions are reviewed in order to help colorectal surgeons in daily practice.