Added value of [F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography for the diagnosis of post-operative instrumented spine infection.

Purpose: Post-operative instrumented spine infection (PISI) is an infrequent complication. Diagnosis of spinal implant infection can be difficult, especially in case of chronic infection.

Methods: This retrospective study attempts to evaluate the diagnostic performance of [F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in PISI.

Absence of Decline of Kidney Function in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients Under Routine Clinical Management.

Background: Since the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients have a drastically improved prognosis but at the same time they are also more affected by non-HIV related complications, such as chronic kidney disease. The objective of our study was to investigate the effect of proteinuria and tenofovir (TDF)-containing ART regimens on the temporal evolution of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Methods: Between April 2008 and October 2012, we enrolled 395 patients with a complete renal evaluation among patients from the ANRS C03 Aquitaine cohort, a prospective hospital-based cohort of HIV-1-infected patients under routine clinical management in southwestern France.

Activation, senescence and inflammation markers in HIV patients: association with renal function.

Objectives: To assess the association among immune activation, immune senescence, inflammation biomarkers and renal function measured by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at inclusion and its evolution over a 3-year follow-up in HIV-infected patients with undetectable viral load.

Design: The Chronic Immune Activation and Senescence (CIADIS) substudy consecutively included patients between October 2011 and May 2013 enrolled in the ANRS CO3 Aquitaine observational cohort.

Methods: Biomarkers of T-cell activation, differentiation and senescence were summarized in a cellular-CIADIS weighted score and inflammation biomarkers in a soluble-CIADIS weighted score using principal component analysis.

Characteristics of prosthetic joint infections leading to bacteremia: a case-control study.

The possible systemic infectious consequences of prosthetic joint infections (PJI) are poorly documented in the literature. We assessed the frequency of postoperative prosthetic hip and knee infections leading to bacteremia and investigated their associated factors among patients treated between 2005 and 2009. Among 633 patients with PJI, 62 (9.

Chronic viral hepatitis is associated with low bone mineral density in HIV-infected patients, ANRS CO 3 Aquitaine Cohort.

Background: High prevalence rates of low bone mineral density (BMD) have been reported in people living with HIV infection. We aimed to investigate the association of chronic viral hepatitis with low BMD in HIV-infected patients.

Methods: A hospital-based cohort of HIV-infected patients was screened for hepatitis B and C coinfection.

Increased risk of abnormal proximal renal tubular function with HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy.

Abnormal kidney function is common in the course of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Here, we performed a cross-sectional analysis using 399 patients within the Aquitaine cohort (a hospital-based cohort of HIV-1-infected patients receiving routine clinical management) to estimate the prevalence of proximal renal tubular dysfunction (PRTD) associated with HIV infection. These patients did not differ statistically by sociodemographics, median age, years since HIV diagnosis, AIDS stage, or median CD4 cell count from the entire 3080 patient cohort.

Role of uncontrolled HIV RNA level and immunodeficiency in the occurrence of malignancy in HIV-infected patients during the combination antiretroviral therapy era: Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le Sida (ANRS) CO3 Aquitaine Cohort.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients are at higher risk of malignancies. In addition to traditional determinants, a specific deleterious effect of HIV and immunodeficiency is speculated. We aimed at studying the association between immunological and virological characteristics of HIV-infected patients in care and the risk of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining and non-AIDS-defining malignancies.

Association between psoas abscess and prosthetic hip infection: a case-control study.

Background And Purpose: The relationship between prosthetic hip infection and a psoas abscess is poorly documented. We determined the frequency of prosthetic hip infections associated with psoas abscesses and identified their determinants.

Methods: We conducted a 2-year observational study.

Reduced bone mineral density in HIV-infected patients: prevalence and associated factors.

Background: There is a high prevalence of bone demineralization among HIV-infected patients but mechanisms of alteration of bone turnover are still unclear and it is thought to be multifactorial.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 492 HIV-infected patients within the Aquitaine cohort estimated the prevalence of osteoporosis/osteopenia and investigated associated factors. Bone mineral density of total body, lumbar spine and femoral neck was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

Avascular necrosis in HIV-infected patients: a case-control study from the Aquitaine Cohort, 1997-2002, France.

Using a case-control study design, we studied the factors associated with HIV-related avascular necrosis (AN). During a 6-year period, 12 symptomatic AN cases were validated, and each case was individually matched with 3 control cases. A conditional logistic regression model showed that current alcohol consumption and a history of steroid use were the only factors associated with the occurrence of AN.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genotypic and pharmacokinetic determinants of the virological response to lopinavir-ritonavir-containing therapy in protease inhibitor-experienced patients.

The response to regimens including lopinavir-ritonavir (LPV/r) in patients who have received multiple protease (PR) inhibitors (PI) can be analyzed in terms of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genotypic and pharmacokinetic (pK) determinants. We studied these factors and the evolution of HIV-1 resistance in response to LPV/r in a prospective study of patients receiving LPV/r under a temporary authorization in Bordeaux, France. HIV-1 PR and reverse transcriptase sequences were determined at baseline LPV/r for all the patients and at month 3 (M3) and M6 in the absence of response to treatment.

Is hepatitis C virus co-infection associated with survival in HIV-infected patients treated by combination antiretroviral therapy?

Objective: To study whether hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection or the severe elevation of transaminases is associated with survival after the initiation of antiretroviral combination therapy.

Design: Prospective hospital-based cohort (Aquitaine Cohort).

Methods: HIV-infected adults started on an antiretroviral combination before 30 June 1999.

Evaluation of cardiovascular risk factors in HIV-1 infected patients using carotid intima-media thickness measurement.

Background: Highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART) in HIV-infected patients are often associated with lipodystrophy syndrome and metabolic disorders. Atherogenic lipid profile could expose these patients to atheromatous cardiovascular disease. We describe carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT), a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis, according to HIV status, antiretroviral treatment, lipodystrophy and conventional cardiovascular risk factors.