Pharmacokinetics and safety of daptomycin administered subcutaneously in healthy volunteers: a single-blinded randomized crossover trial.

Background: Daptomycin stands as a key IV antibiotic in treating MRSA infections. However, patients facing challenges with difficult venous access require alternative administration routes. This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile and safety of subcutaneous (SC) daptomycin.

Bioavailability of dissolved and crushed single tablets of bictegravir, emtricitabine, tenofovir alafenamide in healthy adults: the SOLUBIC randomized crossover study.

Background: Crushing or dissolving bictegravir/tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine (BIC/TAF/FTC) tablets is not recommended because there are no data supporting this practice.

Methods: A crossover, randomized trial in healthy adults (NCT04244448) investigated the bioavailability of two off-label uses of BIC/TAF/FTC (50/200/25 mg), dissolved in water or crushed in apple compote, compared with the solid tablet. Pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters were estimated from sequential intensive plasma antiretroviral concentrations over a 72 h period post dose.

Infections in Immunocompromised Patients Without HIV: Case Series of Solid Organ Transplant Patients and Literature Review.

Background: infection is rare and can occur in immunocompromised patients without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Methods: We describe 2 cases of infection in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, and we performed a literature review of immunocompromised patients without HIV.

Results: Fifty-two cases are reported.

A Pilot Study of Tobacco Screening and Referral for Smoking Cessation Program among HIV-Infected Patients in France.

Background: The prevalence of tobacco smoking is high among patients living with HIV, supporting the need for effective targeted interventions.

Materials And Methods: All current smokers at our outpatient HIV clinic were invited to participate in a smoking cessation program.

Results: Of the 716 patients living with HIV, 280 (39%) reported active smoking and were younger, more recently HIV infected and more frequently infected due to intravenous drug use (IDU).

Enterocytozoon bieneusi Microsporidiosis in Stem Cell Transplant Recipients Treated with Fumagillin.

Enterocytozoon bieneusi microsporidiosis is an emerging disease in immunocompromised patients. We report 2 cases of this disease in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients successfully treated with fumagillin. Thrombocytopenia occurred but without major adverse events.

How to Optimize the Use of Blood Cultures for the Diagnosis of Bloodstream Infections? A State-of-the Art.

Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a major cause of death in developed countries and the detection of microorganisms is essential in managing patients. Despite major progress has been made to improve identification of microorganisms, blood culture (BC) remains the gold standard and the first line tool for detecting BSIs. Consensus guidelines are available to ensure optimal BSI procedures, but BC practices often deviate from the recommendations.

Are pyogenic liver abscesses still a surgical concern? A Western experience.

Backgrounds. Pyogenic liver abscess is a rare disease whose management has shifted toward greater use of percutaneous drainage. Surgery still plays a role in treatment, but its indications are not clear.

Average adherence to boosted protease inhibitor therapy, rather than the pattern of missed doses, as a predictor of HIV RNA replication.

Consecutive missed doses may differentially impact the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy associated with the use of a nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) and a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor (PI). In a cohort of 72 subjects receiving a boosted PI, average adherence to dosage was a better predictor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication than was the duration or frequency of treatment interruption. In contrast with an NNRTI, consecutive missed doses of a boosted PI did not emerge as a major risk factor for HIV replication.

Enterococcus gallinarum endocarditis occurring on native heart valves.

We report the first case of Enterococcus gallinarum endocarditis developing on normal native heart valves. Using phenotypic and molecular methods, a precise identification of this naturally vancomycin-resistant species allowed an optimal antibiotic therapy and the patient's recovery.