Contemporary Treatment of Microtia-Atresia.

Microtia-atresia is a congenital deformity affecting the external ear and ear canal that can present with varying degrees of severity and morbidity. Treatment occurs along a spectrum and primarily centers on improving aesthetic appearance. Many cases of microtia will not be effectively treated with conservative measures and will require some form of reconstruction.

Virtual planning and 3D-printed guides for mandibular reconstruction: Factors impacting accuracy.

Objectives: Examine accuracy and factors impacting accuracy for mandibular reconstruction with virtual surgical planning, 3D printed osteotomy guides and preoperatively bent mandibular reconstruction plate (VSP/3Dprinted-guide/plate).

Method: Retrospective review of osseous-free-flap mandibular reconstructions with VSP/3Dprinted-guide/plate between January 2015 and July 2020 at a single academic medical center.Patient demographics, disease, and treatment variables were extracted.

Accuracy and outcomes of virtual surgical planning and 3D-printed guides for osseous free flap reconstruction of mandibular osteoradionecrosis.

Objectives: Virtual surgical planning, 3D-printed osteotomy guides and preoperatively-bent or custom-milled mandibular reconstruction plate (VSP/3Dprinted-guide/plate) have been shown to ease intraoperative decision making and reduce operative time. Few studies have examined outcomes of VSP/3Dprinted-guide/plate specifically for mandibular osteoradionecrosis (mORN) cases, which pose unique challenges. We aimed to examine reconstruction accuracy, functional outcomes, and postoperative complications following osseous-free-flap reconstruction with VSP/3Dprinted-guide/plate for mORN.

Impact of Adenotonsillectomy on Homework Performance in Children With Obstructive Sleep-Disordered Breathing.

Objective: As a first line treatment for pediatric obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), adenotonsillectomy (AT) has been shown to confer physiologic and neurocognitive benefits to a child. However, there is a scarcity of data on how homework performance is affected postoperatively. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of AT on homework performance in children with SDB.

Krüppel-like factor 6-mediated loss of BCAA catabolism contributes to kidney injury in mice and humans.

Altered cellular metabolism in kidney proximal tubule (PT) cells plays a critical role in acute kidney injury (AKI). The transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) is rapidly and robustly induced early in the PT after AKI. We found that PT-specific knockdown () is protective against AKI and kidney fibrosis in mice.

Surgical Management of Sialorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: Chronic sialorrhea commonly occurs in patients with neurodevelopmental disorders. While conservative management can provide sufficient symptom control, surgical intervention is often required. One of the most common procedures utilized is submandibular gland excision (SMGE), with or without parotid duct ligation or rerouting (PDL or PDR).

Podocyte-Specific Loss of Krüppel-Like Factor 6 Increases Mitochondrial Injury in Diabetic Kidney Disease.

Mitochondrial injury is uniformly observed in several murine models as well as in individuals with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Although emerging evidence has highlighted the role of key transcriptional regulators in mitochondrial biogenesis, little is known about the regulation of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase assembly in the podocyte under diabetic conditions. We recently reported a critical role of the zinc finger Krüppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) in maintaining mitochondrial function and preventing apoptosis in a proteinuric murine model.

Krüppel-like factor 6 regulates mitochondrial function in the kidney.

Maintenance of mitochondrial structure and function is critical for preventing podocyte apoptosis and eventual glomerulosclerosis in the kidney; however, the transcription factors that regulate mitochondrial function in podocyte injury remain to be identified. Here, we identified Krüppel-like factor 6 (KLF6), a zinc finger domain transcription factor, as an essential regulator of mitochondrial function in podocyte apoptosis. We observed that podocyte-specific deletion of Klf6 increased the susceptibility of a resistant mouse strain to adriamycin-induced (ADR-induced) focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS).

Diabetic nephropathy in a nonobese mouse model of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

A large body of research has contributed to our understanding of the pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy. Yet, many questions remain regarding the progression of a disease that accounts for nearly half the patients entering dialysis yearly. Several murine models of diabetic nephropathy secondary to Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) do exist, and some are more representative than others, but all have limitations.